河北省森林草原区主要草本植物功能群适宜分布预测

doi:10.11686/cyxb2017192

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在森林-草原交错区阐明草本植物功能群随环境变化的响应及适宜分布格局,有利于揭示脆弱景观草本物种多样性的维持机制和制定保护策略。在对河北省塞罕坝保护区184个草本样方进行分层随机调查的基础上,按照光合作用途径进行了功能群的划分,并采用ClimateAP气候模型和GIS空间分析技术生成了气候和地形因子20个,在此基础上,利用MaxEnt模型进行了C₃和C₄功能群的潜在适宜分布模拟。结果表明,MaxEnt模型预测精度较高,C₃、C₄受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC值)均超过0.8;在研究区C₃植物适宜分布较广,占研究区总面积的61.99%,而C₄植物分布相对分散,占研究区总面积的19.12%;影响C₃植物分布的主要环境因子包括:极端最高温、冬季平均降雪量、>5 ℃积温、年平均气温和最冷月均温,影响C₄植物分布的主要环境因子包括:极端最高温、>5 ℃积温、年平均气温、年均降水量和冬季平均降雪量等。结果表明在研究区C₃草本植物潜在适宜分布在冷凉湿润的环境中,而C₄草本植物则更适宜生长在高温及干燥的环境中。随着全球变暖的进一步加剧,C₄草本植物的适宜分布范围将会进一步增加。

Abstract: Understanding the responses of herbaceous plant functional groups to environmental changes and their distribution pattern in a forest-steppe zone is helpful for clarifying the factors influencing different groups and for improving conservation strategies for herbaceous species diversity in the fragile landscape. A total of 184 sample plots (1 m×1 m) were established and assessed using a stratified random sampling design in the Saihanba Nature Reserve, Hebei. Herbaceous plant species were divided into C₃ and C₄ functional groups. Twenty environment factors related to topography and climate were obtained from the ClimateAP (Climate Asia-Pacific) model and by utilizing GIS (Geographic Information System) spatial analysis techniques. The ecological niche model (MaxEnt) was adopted in predicting the potential distribution of both C₃ and C₄ plant functional groups. Our results showed that the area under the receiver operating characteristics curves (AUC) for the C₃ and C₄ were all over 0.8, indicating that the MaxEnt model had good predictive performance. The C₃ functional group had a large potentially suitable distribution range, whereas the C₄ functional group had a relatively small distribution in the study area, accounting for 61.99% and 19.12% of the total area, respectively. The main environmental factors affecting the distribution of C₃ included: extreme maximum temperature, mean winter snow, degree-days above 5 ℃, mean annual temperature, and mean temperature of the coldest month. The main environmental factors affecting the distribution of C₄ species included: extreme maximum temperature, degree-days above 5 ℃, mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, and mean winter snow. Accordingly, the results confirmed that C₃ species potentially occurred in cooler and wetter conditions, whereas C₄ species might tend to potentially occupy warmer and drier locations in the study area. The distribution range and area of C₄ herbaceous species will probably increase in response to global climate warming.

范顺祥, 郑建伟, 魏士凯, 黄选瑞, 张志东. 河北省森林草原区主要草本植物功能群适宜分布预测[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(3): 24-32.

FAN Shun-xiang, ZHENG Jian-wei, WEI Shi-kai, HUANG Xuan-rui, ZHANG Zhi-dong. Predicting suitable distribution of dominant herbaceous plant functional groups in a forest-steppe zone, Hebei, China[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(3): 24-32.

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