耐重金属苜蓿中华根瘤菌的筛选及其与能源植物联合富集铜的特性

doi:10.11686/cyxb2018131

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了提高能源植物在重金属矿区废弃地边际土壤上的适应性,研发根瘤菌-能源植物联合修复技术,从生长于铜矿废弃地土壤上的紫花苜蓿根瘤中分离纯化根瘤菌,并研究其对紫花苜蓿、多年生黑麦草和甜高粱等能源植物生长和富集铜的作用,探究根瘤菌对铜矿废弃地土壤改良的效应。结果表明,从紫花苜蓿根瘤中分离筛选到一株耐铜铅镉的苜蓿中华根瘤菌D10。在铜矿废弃地土壤上,甜高粱的生物量可达黑麦草的4.6~6.4倍。与接灭菌液对照相比,D10菌株能够促进紫花苜蓿和甜高粱的干重显著增加28.6%~78.1%,铜吸收量显著增加50.4%~111.8%。但D10菌株不能促进黑麦草的生长和Cu吸收。D10菌株能够促进甜高粱和紫花苜蓿生长和Cu富集,增加根际土壤有效态Cu含量、水溶性糖含量和土壤脲酶活性,具有应用于铜矿废弃地植被恢复和联合修复污染土壤的潜力。

关键词: 根瘤菌, 能源植物, 铜, 边际土壤, 土壤修复

Abstract: This research was aimed at improvement of the adaptability and performance of plants used for phytoremediation in marginal lands subject to heavy metal contamination, The use of rhizobia to increase biomass productivity is an exciting new development in the phytoremediation of contaminated sites. In the present study, a heavy-metal-tolerant rhizobia strain was isolated from nodules of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) plants grown in copper (Cu) mine tailings in Nanjing. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential role of this rhizobium strain in encouraging plant growth, Cu uptake and soil remediation by three plant species: M. sativa, Lolium perenne and Sorghum bicolor. The strain of Sinorhizobium meliloti (designated D10) was isolated from root nodules of alfalfa, and was Cu-Pb-Cd-tolerant. Symbiotic association was successfully established between S. meliloti D10 and M. sativa in the current research. It was found that the biomass production of the three species ranked in order: S. bicolor>L. perenne>M. sativa. Inoculation of S. meliloti D10 significantly increased the biomass of M. sativa and S. bicolor, with a 28.6%-78.1% greater biomass for inoculated vs. uninoculated plants. Among the tested plants, S. bicolor accumulated the greatest amounts of Cu. Further, inoculation of S. meliloti D10 resulted in a significant increase in Cu uptake in S. bicolor and M. sativa of 50.4%-111.8% of the uninoculated control. The beneficial impacts of S. meliloti D10 colonization on plant growth and Cu uptake of the three tested species was associated with both improved water-soluble sugar content and increased urease activity. The experiment provided evidence of the potential for use of these plant species in combination with S. meliloti D10 for ecological remediation of metalliferous mine tailings.

Key words: rhizobia, energy plant, copper, marginal lands, soil remediation

严警, 夏丽, 盛下放, 何琳燕. 耐重金属苜蓿中华根瘤菌的筛选及其与能源植物联合富集铜的特性[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(2): 102-111.

YAN Jing, XIA Li, SHENG Xia-fang, HE Lin-yan. Isolation of heavy metal-tolerant Sinorhizobium meliloti and the effect on copper uptake of alfalfa, perennial ryegrass and Sorghum bicolor plants grown on copper-contaminated soil[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(2): 102-111.

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