两种色型豌豆蚜生物学特征对不同大豆品种的响应

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019281

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究“汾豆牧绿2号”、“南夏豆25”、“南黑豆20”和“南豆5号”4种大豆品种对红绿两种色型豌豆蚜生物学特征的影响,旨在为大豆品种的抗性评价及其豌豆蚜危害的综合防治提供理论依据。在光周期10Light∶14Dark、温度(23±1) ℃,湿度60%±10%,光照强度212 μmol·m^-2·s^-1的人工气候箱条件下,组建了两种色型豌豆蚜取食不同大豆品种,测定豌豆蚜龄期、发育历期、体重差、相对日均体重增长率等生物学参数。结果表明:1)红色型豌豆蚜发育历期和相对日均增长率均存在寄主的显著效应,“南夏豆25”组的发育历期所需时间最长(8.30 d),“南黑豆20”组最短(7.29 d);相对日均增长率“南夏豆25”最低,比“汾豆牧绿2号”、“南黑豆20”和“南豆5号”分别减小31.25%、25.00%和12.50%;若虫存活率“南黑豆20”上最高;喜食品种依次为“南黑豆20”>“汾豆牧绿2号”>“南豆5号”>“南夏豆25”。2)绿色型豌豆蚜在各龄期、发育历期和相对日均增长率均差异显著,在“南豆5号”上发育历期所需时间最长(8.84 d),在“南夏豆25”上最短(7.81 d);相对日均体重增长率“南豆5号”上最低,比“汾豆牧绿2号”、“南夏豆25”和“南黑豆20”分别减小6.25%、25.00%和12.5.0%;若虫存活率“南黑豆20”上最高;喜食品种依次为“南夏豆25”>“南黑豆20”>“汾豆牧绿2号”>“南豆5号”。综上,两种色型豌豆蚜生长发育与不同大豆品种相关,且红色和绿色型豌豆蚜对不同大豆品种反应均不相同。

关键词: 豌豆蚜, 大豆品种, 发育历期, 相对日均增长率, 存活率

Abstract: The effect of four soybean varieties (‘Fendoumulü2’, ‘Nanxiadou25’, ‘Nanheidou20’ and ‘Nandou5’) on the biological characteristics of two color morphs of pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) were studied in order to provide a theoretical basis for evaluating resistance of soybean varieties and formulation of strategies for comprehensive control of pea aphid damage. The experiment was conducted in an artificial climate chamber with photoperiod 10 h light and 14 h dark, temperature (23±1) ℃, humidity of 60%±10% and light intensity of 212 μmol photons·m^-2·s^-1. Two color morphs of pea aphid (red and green) were established to feed on the different soybean varieties. Biological parameters of the pea aphids such as instars, developmental duration, weight difference, and mean relative growth rate (MRGR) were measured. It was found that: 1) There were significant differences in the development duration and MRGR of red pea aphid among different soybean varieties. The developmental duration of red pea aphid was longest (8.30 d) in ‘Nanxiadou25’ and shortest (7.29 d) in ‘Nanheidou20’. Compared with ‘Nanxiadou25’, the MRGR of aphids feeding on ‘Fendoumulü2’, ‘Nanheidou20’ and ‘Nandou5’ was MRGR decreased by 31.25%, 25.00% and 12.50%, respectively. The nymph survival rate was the highest on ‘Nanheidou20’; The red aphid feeding preference for the soybean varieties was ‘Nanheidou20’>‘Fendoumulü2’>‘Nandou5’>‘Nanxiadou25’. 2) The average growth rate, development duration and MRGR of green pea aphid differed significantly in different instars between soybean varieties, with the longest development duration (8.84 d) occurring in ‘Nandou5’ and the shortest development duration (7.81 d) in ‘Nanxiadou25’. Compared with ‘Nanxiadou25’ the MRGR of ‘Fendoumulü2’, ‘Nanheidou20’ and ‘Nandou5’ decreased by 6.25%, 25.00% and 12.50%, respectively. The highest nymph survival rate was for ‘Nanheidou20’. The green aphid feeding preference for the soybean varieties was ‘Nanxiadou25’>‘Nanheidou20’>‘Fendoumulü2’>‘Nandou5’. Therefore, the growth and development of red and green pea aphids was affected differently by different soybean varieties.

Key words: Acyrthosiphon pisum, soybean variety, development duration, mean relative growth rate, survival rate

马亚玲, 刘辉, 刘阳, 李春杰. 两种色型豌豆蚜生物学特征对不同大豆品种的响应[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(3): 96-102.

MA Ya-ling, LIU Hui, LIU Yang, LI Chun-jie. Response of biological characteristics of two color morphs of pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) to different soybean varieties[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(3): 96-102.

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