草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 79-90.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025422
收稿日期:2025-10-18
修回日期:2025-11-24
出版日期:2026-10-20
发布日期:2026-09-09
通讯作者:
王铁娟
作者简介:E-mail:wtj105@163.com基金资助:
Rui ZHANG(
), Tie-juan WANG(
), Bing-bing ZHANG, Jing FENG, Jin-ling SHAO
Received:2025-10-18
Revised:2025-11-24
Online:2026-10-20
Published:2026-09-09
Contact:
Tie-juan WANG
摘要:
黑沙蒿是我国特有的优良固沙植物,也是沙生植物群落重要的建群种。研究沙地固定过程中黑沙蒿的种群分布格局及其变化规律,以及与固沙植物小叶锦鸡儿的关系,对于认识其种群动态和种群分布格局的影响机制具有重要意义。本研究在毛乌素沙地的半固定和固定沙地中选择与小叶锦鸡儿共存的黑沙蒿群落,基于点格局的完全随机模型(CSR)、异质泊松模型(HP)、前提条件模型(AC)、环形转换模型(TS)以20 m的尺度研究黑沙蒿的种群空间分布格局、3个大小级的空间关联性以及与小叶锦鸡儿相互作用的关系。结果表明:黑沙蒿种群的年龄结构在半固定沙地为增长型,在固定沙地为稳定向衰退的过渡阶段。完全随机模型结果显示,黑沙蒿种群及其3个大小级以及小叶锦鸡儿种群在小尺度或小至中尺度上呈现聚集分布,且随着沙地的固定,聚集程度加大;剔除生境异质性后的异质泊松模型结果显示聚集性有不同程度的下降,半固定沙地种群更为明显。前提条件模型下,黑沙蒿Ⅰ与Ⅱ级、Ⅱ与Ⅲ级植株存在不同程度的正关联,且在固定沙地中正关联性更强,而Ⅰ与Ⅲ级植株在两种沙地中均没有关联性。随着尺度的增大,尤其是大于16 m,黑沙蒿与小叶锦鸡儿多呈现出随机分布和均匀分布(HP模型),黑沙蒿各大小级间多呈现出无关联性,反映了个体间的相互作用下降。随着沙地的固定,两种植物的个体数量和密度明显增加,环形转换模型结果显示,种间呈现出由半固定沙地的小尺度(0~1.0 m)至固定沙地的中小尺度(0~7.8 m)上的负关联,表明黑沙蒿与小叶锦鸡儿的竞争明显增强。研究结果可为沙地治理过程中物种的选择与搭配种植方式提供参考。
张蕊, 王铁娟, 张冰冰, 冯婧, 邵金玲. 毛乌素沙地黑沙蒿种群点格局及其与小叶锦鸡儿的空间关联性研究[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(10): 79-90.
Rui ZHANG, Tie-juan WANG, Bing-bing ZHANG, Jing FENG, Jin-ling SHAO. A study of the point occurrence pattern of Artemisia ordosica populations and their spatial correlation with Caragana microphylla occurrence in the Mu Us sandy land[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(10): 79-90.
样地 Plot | 株数 Plant number | 密度 Density (plant·m-2) | 最小值 Minimum value (cm) | 最大值 Maximum value (cm) | 均值 Mean value (cm) | 标准差 Standard deviation | 变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%) | 各级株数比例 All classes of the plant number proportion | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | ||||||||
| S | 173 | 0.11 | 6.80 | 104.87 | 39.99 | 22.15 | 55.38 | 56(32.37%) | 103(59.54%) | 14(8.09%) |
| F | 736 | 0.46 | 8.41 | 128.62 | 56.46 | 20.36 | 36.07 | 39(5.30%) | 563(76.49%) | 134(18.21%) |
表 1 黑沙蒿种群植株个体大小特征
Table 1 Individual size characteristics of A. ordosica population plant
样地 Plot | 株数 Plant number | 密度 Density (plant·m-2) | 最小值 Minimum value (cm) | 最大值 Maximum value (cm) | 均值 Mean value (cm) | 标准差 Standard deviation | 变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%) | 各级株数比例 All classes of the plant number proportion | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | ||||||||
| S | 173 | 0.11 | 6.80 | 104.87 | 39.99 | 22.15 | 55.38 | 56(32.37%) | 103(59.54%) | 14(8.09%) |
| F | 736 | 0.46 | 8.41 | 128.62 | 56.46 | 20.36 | 36.07 | 39(5.30%) | 563(76.49%) | 134(18.21%) |
图1 黑沙蒿与小叶锦鸡儿个体的空间分布A, C分别代表黑沙蒿和小叶锦鸡儿;S,F分别代表半固定沙地和固定沙地。X:东向距离 (m);Y:北向距离 (m)。Ⅰ:d≤25 cm;Ⅱ:25 cm<d≤75 cm;Ⅲ:d>75 cm。d:植株大小。A and C represent A. ordosica and C. microphylla, respectively; S and F represent semi-fixed sandy land and fixed sandy land, respectively. X: Easting distance (m);Y: Northing distance (m). Ⅰ represents the size of individual with d≤25 cm;Ⅱ with 25 cm<d≤75 cm;Ⅲ with d>75 cm. d stands for the plant size.
Fig.1 Spatial distribution of individuals of A. ordosica and C. microphylla
图2 黑沙蒿与小叶锦鸡儿的种群空间分布格局CSR:完全随机模型;HP:异质泊松模型。A, C分别代表黑沙蒿和小叶锦鸡儿;S,F分别代表半固定沙地和固定沙地。下同。CSR:Completely stochastic model;HP:Heterogeneous poisson model. A and C represent A. ordosica and C. microphylla, respectively; S and F represent semi-fixed sandy land and fixed sandy land, respectively. The same below.
Fig.2 Spatial distribution pattern of A. ordosica and C. microphylla populations
图3 半固定沙地黑沙蒿种群3个大小级的空间分布格局Ⅰ:d≤25 cm;Ⅱ:25 cm<d≤75 cm;Ⅲ:d>75 cm. 下同The same below.
Fig.3 Spatial distribution patterns of three size classes of A. ordosica population in semi-fixed sandy land
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