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草业学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (2): 18-24.

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青海扁茎早熟禾种群地上生物量积累动态

刘文辉,周青平,颜红波,梁国玲   

  1. 青海省畜牧兽医科学院,青海 西宁 810016
  • 收稿日期:2008-04-01 出版日期:2009-04-20 发布日期:2009-04-20
  • 作者简介:刘文辉(1979-),男,青海贵德人,硕士,助理研究员。E-mail:qhliuwenhui@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    科技部项目(05EFN216300307)和科技部项目(2005-SN-02)资助。

Study on dynamics of aboveground biomass of Poa pratensis var. anceps Gaud. cv. Qinghai

LIU Wen-hui, ZHOU Qing-ping, YAN Hong-bo, LIANG Guo-ling   

  1. Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xining 810016, China
  • Received:2008-04-01 Online:2009-04-20 Published:2009-04-20

摘要: 在青海高寒地区对生长2年青海扁茎早熟禾地上生物量积累动态进行了研究,以探讨其地上生物量形成规律。研究结果表明,青海扁茎早熟禾茎(S)、叶(L)、穗(E)及地上总生物量(Ba)的积累均符合一元三次“S”型曲线变化,分别可用S∧=21.04-2.12 d+0.10 d2-0.000 62 d3,L∧=2.71+0.55 d+0.031 d2-0.000 22 d3,E∧=3.17-1.27 d+0.070 d2-0.000 51 d3,B∧a=26.92-2.84 d+0.20 d2-0.014 d3表示。青海扁茎早熟禾自返青至5月中旬进行营养生长,其地上分蘖数、叶面积、叶片数在此阶段迅速增加。5月中旬-6月中旬青海扁茎早熟禾生物量进入快速积累时期,茎、叶、穗及地上总生物量平均日增速分别可达6.836,2.611,2.409和11.876 g/(m2·d),同时茎叶比达到最大值(1∶1.61)。青海扁茎早熟禾茎、叶及地上总生物量在7月中旬达最大值,分别为220.3,151.7和406.1 g/m2;穗生物量在6月中旬达最大生物量92.3 g/m2。青海扁茎早熟禾在1个生长季中株高(H)、叶面积(LA)、枝条数(NT)和叶片数(NL)与地上总生物量(Ba)间的关系可用B∧a=-4.44+6.44 H-58.88 LA-0.065 NT+0.029 NL表示,株高对青海扁茎早熟禾地上生物量积累直接效应最大,叶面积、枝条数和叶片数通过影响株高间接影响地上生物量的积累。

Abstract: The accumulation dynamics of aboveground biomass of second year Poa pratensis var. anceps Gaud. cv. Qinghai was studied to understand the regulation of aboveground biomass accumulation in Alpine Regions of Qinghai province. The accumulation of stem (S), leaf (L), ear (E) and above ground biomass (Ba) of Poa all fitted to monofactorial cubic equations:S∧=21.04-2.12 d+0.10 d2-0.00062 d3,L∧=2.71+0.55 d+0.031 d2-0.00022 d3,E∧=3.17-1.27 d+0.070 d2-0.00051 d3,B∧a=26.92-2.84 d+0.20 d2-0.014 d3 respectively. From greening up to mid May, the Poa are in a nutritional growth period with tiller number, leaf area, and leaf number increasing rapidly. Mid May to mid June, the speed of above ground biomass accumulation of the Poa reached a climax with the highest stem, leaf, ear and above ground biomass of 6.836, 2.611, 2.409 and 11.876 g/(m2·d) respectively, and a stem/leaf ratio of 1∶1.61. Stem, leaf and above ground biomass of the Poa reached the maxima of 220.3, 151.7 and 406.1 g/m2 respectively in mid July while ear accumulation reached a maximum of 92.3 g/m2 in mid June. The relationship between total aboveground biomass (Ba) and plant height (H), leaf areas (LA), and stem number (NT) can be represented by the equation B∧a=-4.44+6.44 H-58.88 LA-0.065 NT+0.029 NL, Plant height had the greatest direct effect on aboveground biomass accumulation while LA, NT, NL influenced aboveground biomass accumulation indirectly by affecting H.

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