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草业学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (4): 9-16.

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科尔沁沙地不同恢复年限退化植被的物种多样性

左小安,赵哈林,赵学勇,郭轶瑞,张铜会,毛伟,苏娜,冯静   

  1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 奈曼沙漠化研究站,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2008-12-26 出版日期:2009-08-20 发布日期:2009-08-20
  • 作者简介:左小安(1978-), 男,甘肃张掖人,助理研究员,博士。E-mail: xazuo@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(40601008),中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目课题(KZCX2-YW-431-3),中国科学院西部之光人才培养项目,国家重点基础研究发展计划及课题(2009CB421303)和国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD26B02, 2006BAC01A12)资助。

Species diversity of degraded vegetation in different age restorations in Horqin Sandy Land, Northern China

ZUO Xiao-an, ZHAO Ha-lin, ZHAO Xue-yong, GUO Yi-rui,
ZHANG Tong-hui, MAO Wei, SU Na, FENG Jing   

  1. Naiman Desertification Research Station, Cold and Arid Regions of Environmental and Engineering
    Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2008-12-26 Online:2009-08-20 Published:2009-08-20

摘要: 研究了科尔沁沙地封育0年的流动沙丘、封育11年的沙丘(流动、半流动和半固定沙丘)和封育20年的沙丘(流动、半流动、半固定和固定沙丘)的群落组成及其物种多样性变化。结果表明,随着沙丘的固定和封育年限的增加,植被丰富度、盖度和物种多样性逐渐增加,优势度逐渐减小。沙地退化植被恢复演替模式为:先锋植物沙蓬为主的一年生植物群落(流动沙丘阶段)→灌木差巴嘎蒿和一、二年生草本植物为主的群落(半流动和半固定沙丘阶段)→一、二年生草本和多年生草本为主的杂草群落(固定沙丘阶段)。在沙地退化植被恢复过程中,群落物种组成结构存在递进性和渐变性;禾本科植物和多年生草本逐渐增加,植物群落结构趋于复杂、草本质量明显改善。

Abstract: Following a series of field investigations into vegetation characteristics in Horqin Sandy Land, the community composition and species diversity were analyzed along a restoration gradient of dune vegetations [non-fenced mobile dune, 11-year old dunes (mobile dune, semi-mobile dune, and semi-fixed dune), 20-year old fenced dunes (mobile dune, semi-mobile dune, semi-fixed dune, and fixed dune)] and scattered tree grassland. Vegetation cover, species richness and diversity increased with an increase in degree of fixed and fenced years of mobile dunes. The succession series of plant communities were: Pioneer plants of Agriophyllum squarrosum and a few annual plants (mobile dune stage) → Artemisia halodendrom shrub and annual, biennial herbs (semi-mobile dune and semi-fixed dune stages) → annual, biennial and perennial herbs (fixed dune stage). As the amount of grass and perennial herbs increased in the process of dune vegetation restoration, the structure of plant communities became complex and herbage quality was considerably improved.

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