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草业学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (1): 121-127.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

美国引进苜蓿品种半湿润区栽培试验

杨红善1,常根柱1,周学辉1,苗小林1,路远1,王永林2   

  1. 1.中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所,甘肃 兰州 730050;
    2.甘肃省天水市农业科学研究所甘谷试验站,甘肃 天水 741200
  • 收稿日期:2009-07-30 出版日期:2010-01-25 发布日期:2010-02-20
  • 作者简介::杨红善(1981-),男,甘肃兰州人,助理研究员,硕士。 E-mail:yanghsh123@126.co
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划——西北优势和特色牧草生产加工关键技术研究与示范子课题-3(2007BAD52B06-3)和中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所)(BRF100202)资助

A study on the introduction and cultivation of American alfalfa in semi-humid area

YANG Hong-shan1, CHANG Gen-zhu1, ZHOU Xue-hui1,
MIAO Xiao-lin1, LU Yuan1, WANG Yong-lin2   

  1. 1.Lanzhou Institute of Animal and Veterinary Pharmaceutics Sciences, CAAS, Lanzhou 730050,
    China;
    2.Testing Station for Gangu County, Tianshui Agricultural Institute
    of Gansu Province, Tianshui 741200, China
  • Received:2009-07-30 Online:2010-01-25 Published:2010-02-20

摘要: 苜蓿王、菲尔兹苜蓿、金字塔苜蓿、里奥苜蓿、辛普劳2000苜蓿、诺瓦苜蓿、霍普兰德苜蓿、多叶苜蓿、大叶苜蓿,是中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所从美国引进的9个优良苜蓿品种,其中有8个苜蓿品种属于美国拟于近几年内投放亚洲市场的新品种。以国产优良苜蓿品种中兰1号为对照,2002-2004年在兰州半干旱地区、张掖干旱地区区域试验后,于2008年开始在半湿润区天水继续开展栽培试验。结果表明,引种的9个美国苜蓿品种,在半湿润区天水均能正常生长生活,完成生育周期的全过程,无异常表现,未发现病虫害侵染;通过对其生育期观察记载、营养成分、生长速度、茎叶比等指标测定分析得出,菲尔兹苜蓿日生长量最高,为1.47 cm/d,茎叶比较小,为0.7,叶片丰富,出苗早,种子成熟早;苜蓿王日生长量为1.39 cm/d,粗蛋白含量在引进品种中最高,为17.57%;中兰1号日生长量其次,为1.22 cm/d,粗蛋白含量最高为19.58%;鲜草产量兰州点在20 001.0~69 196.5 kg/hm2,天水点在29 214.6~125 642.8 kg/hm2,相比较鲜草产量天水点比兰州点高46.1%~81.6%。各指标综合评价得出,菲尔兹苜蓿、苜蓿王、多叶苜蓿和对照中兰1号苜蓿是相对优良品种,建议在我国干旱地区、黄土高原半干旱地区及半湿润区,可作为推广种植品种,北方类似地区亦可参考使用。

Abstract: Alfaking, Fields, Pyramid, Reward, Simplot2000, Norva, Hopeland, Multifoliator, Leafking were introduced from American by Lanzhou Institute of Animal and Veterinary Pharmaceutics Sciences, CAAS. These alfalfa species are new American breeds which will be put into the Asian market in the next few years. After completing district tests in arid and semi-arid areas, we cultivated the varieties in a semi-humid area in 2008. Nine introductions of alfalfa grew normally in the semi-humid area and completed all the reproductive cycle with no problems, including no plant diseases and insect pests. An analysis of reproductive periodicity, nutrition component, speed of growth and stem/leaf ratios, showed the daily growth of Fields was 1.47 cm/d and the stem/leaf ratio was 0.7. The daily growth of Alfaking was 1.39 cm/d, and the thick albumen content was 17.57%. The daily growth of Zhonglan No.1 was 1.22 cm/d, with a thick albumen content of 19.58%. Fields, Alfaking, Multifoliator and Zhonglan No.1 were the best varieties. These nine American alfalfas can be cultivated in arid areas, loess altiplano semi-arid areas, and semi-humid areas. They can also be used in homologous areas in the north of China.

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