保护性耕作对黄土高原玉米-小麦-大豆轮作系统产量及表层土壤碳管理指数的影响

草业学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (1): 75-82.

保护性耕作对黄土高原玉米-小麦-大豆轮作系统产量及表层土壤碳管理指数的影响

杨晶¹,沈禹颖^1*,南志标^1*,高崇岳¹,牛伊宁¹,王先之¹,罗彩云¹,李光棣²

1.兰州大学草地农业科技学院农业部草地农业生态系统学重点开放实验室,甘肃兰州 730020;
2.澳大利亚新南威尔士州
初级产业部Wagga Wagga农业研究所, Wagga Wagga, 澳大利亚, 新南威尔士 2650

收稿日期:2009-01-12 出版日期:2010-01-25 发布日期:2010-02-20
作者简介:杨晶(1984-),女,甘肃武威人,在读硕士。E-mail: yangj@gsau.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展规划(G2000018602、2007CB106804), 澳大利亚国际农业研究中心项目(LWR2 1999/094)和教育部2003年重点科技项目资助。

Effects of conservation tillage on crop yield and carbon pool management index on top soil withina maize-wheat-soy rotation system in the Loess Plateau

YANG Jing¹, SHEN Yu-ying¹, NAN Zhi-biao¹, GAO Chong-yue¹,
NIU Yi-ning¹, WANG Xian-zhi¹, LUO Cai-yun¹, LI Guang-di²

1.College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem,
Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China;
2.NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga
Wagga Agricultural Institute, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia

Received:2009-01-12 Online:2010-01-25 Published:2010-02-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在陇东黄土高原雨养农业区,以传统耕作(t)为对照,研究了3种保护性耕作:耕作+秸秆覆盖(ts)、免耕(nt)、免耕+秸秆覆盖(nts)对玉米-大豆-小麦轮作系统产量和土壤全氮、全碳、有机碳,易氧化有机碳及碳库管理指数的影响。结果表明,从2001至2007年,10茬作物的总产量在ts、nts处理下分别比t提高3.63和1.62 t/hm²,而nt处理则比t处理显著降低2.48 t/hm²。7年后,t、ts、nt和nts处理表层土壤全氮含量分别提高15.4%,30.2%, 16.2%和49.5%。总有机碳含量相应提高2.5%,18.7%,11.7%和74.0%,易氧化有机碳含量在ts,nt和nts处理下分别比t处理提高16.0%,16.2%和38.1%;土壤碳氮比在t、ts、nt和nts处理下较之7年前分别降低了11.41%,8.54%,3.91%和2.72%,ts、nt和nts处理下碳库管理指数分别比t处理提高12.6%,20.1%和46.6%,说明秸秆覆盖+免耕均有利于提高该轮作系统中土壤有机碳含量并改善碳库质量。

Abstract: The effects of conventional tillage (t), conventional tillage with stubble retention (ts), no-tillage (nt), and no-tillage with stubble retention (nts) treatment on crop yield,soil total nitrogen and carbon, total organic carbon,oxdizible organic carbon, and carbon pool management index (CPMI) were investigated within a maize-wheat-soy rotation system in the western Loess Plateau. Total crop yield for ten harvests during the years 2001 to 2007 under ts and nts treatments increased by 3.63 and 1.62 g/kg compared with conventional tillage, but decreased by 2.48 g/kg on the nt treatment. Total nitrogen contents under nts treatment were 15.4%, 30.2% and 16.2% higher than t, ts and nt treatments. Total carbon under nts treatment was significantly increased by 2.04 g/kg and total organic carbon were 2.50, 1.56 and 1.70 g/kg higher than under t, ts and nt treatment, respectively. Easily oxdized organic carbon under nts was 2.13 g/kg higher than under t treatment. TN/TC decreased by 12.75%,15.97%,6.87% and 24.16% under t, ts, nt and nts treatments. The CPMI under ts, nt and nts were 12.6%,20.1% and 46.6% higher than under t,both stubble retention and no-till were beneficial to increasing the soil organic carbon content and improving the quality of the carbon pool.

中图分类号:

杨晶,沈禹颖,南志标,高崇岳,牛伊宁,王先之,罗彩云,李光棣². 保护性耕作对黄土高原玉米-小麦-大豆轮作系统产量及表层土壤碳管理指数的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2010, 19(1): 75-82.

YANG Jing, SHEN Yu-ying, NAN Zhi-biao, GAO Chong-yue, NIU Yi-ning, WANG Xian-zhi, LUO Cai-yun, LI Guang-di. Effects of conservation tillage on crop yield and carbon pool management index on top soil withina maize-wheat-soy rotation system in the Loess Plateau[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2010, 19(1): 75-82.

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