Abstract: During the process of constructing a well-off society in an all-round way, China’s urban-rural food demand pattern changed greatly and its agricultural development is facing new situations. With the changes of urban-rural land utilization pattern, China’s grain supply pattern also changed greatly. Reasonable allocation of sunlight, warmth and water resources has become an important strategic issue for scientific development in agriculture sector. In order to maintain China’s food security, we should, on the basis of protecting and constructing 1.6 billion mu (106.67 million hectares) of basic croplands, construct 1 billion mu of nurse grasslands to painstakingly cultivate pasturing grasses like growing grains. We should also formulate construction plans for the hilly lands in south China and comprehensively deploy special programs of improving ecosystem, comprehensive agricultural development and poverty alleviation through developing ecologically harmonized livestock husbandry. Grassland livestock husbandry in south China should be placed on the equal strategic position as grain production.