Abstract: Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers were used to detect the genetic diversity of 44 wild accessions of Cynodon dactylon collected from Sichuan, Chongqing,Yunnan, Guizhou and Tibet of China, and 8 wild accessions of C. dactylon collected from Africa. The results showed that eighteen primer pairs produced 206 polymorphic bands, averaged 11.4 bands per primer pair. The percentage of polymorphic bands in average was 87.29%.The Nei’s genetic similarity coefficient of the tested accessions ranged from 0.569 to 0.929, and the average Nei’s coefficient was 0.723.The 54 accessions were classified into five major groups: Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳand Ⅴ by cluster analysis using UPGMA, which showed significant relationship with the origin regions of accessions. Genetic differentiation between and within eight eco-geographical groups of C. dactylon was estimated by Shannon’s diversity index, which showed that 63.81% genetic variance existed within group, and 36.19% genetic variance was among groups, indicating rather large genetic distances among those germplasm,and there was a correlation between genetic differentiation and eco-geographical habits among the groups.