生态环境因子对AM真菌孢子形成与分布的作用机制

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在自然土壤生态系统中,丛枝菌根(AM)真菌孢子的数量与菌根共生体的形成和分布具有密切的相关性,关注AM真菌孢子的形成与分布机制对于揭示菌根共生体的生态学功能具有重要意义。其中,探究外界环境因子对孢子分布的影响已经成为当前菌根生态学研究的热点问题之一。研究表明,影响孢子形成和分布的因素主要包括气候因子、土壤理化因子、草食动物、宿主植物种类以及耕作制度等。气候因子和季节动态是决定AM真菌孢子形成和分布的主要因子,它通过对AM真菌的直接作用,或者是通过对宿主植物的间接作用影响AM真菌的侵染、产孢和分布;土壤是孢子的天然培养基,土壤理化性状影响孢子分布的要素主要有土壤类型、pH值、土壤湿度、通透性、营养元素含量以及土壤微生物等;宿主植物类型、草食动物和农业耕作措施通过对菌丝体的作用影响AM真菌孢子的群落动态。基于此,本研究围绕以上生态环境因子及其相互协同作用对AM真菌孢子形成和分布的作用机制进行了论述,并就未来AM真菌孢子的群落动态研究进行了展望。

Abstract: The number of spores in soil is an important indicator of the formation and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. The distribution of spores is mainly affected by climatic factors, soil properties, herbivores, host plants, and farming systems. Climatic factors and seasonal dynamics are the two main factors which determine the generation and distribution of AM fungal spores, including the infection, sporulation, and distribution of AM fungi by direct effects on the fungi or indirect effects through the host plants. Soil is the natural medium for spores. The distribution of spores in the soil ecosystem is mainly influenced by soil type, pH, soil moisture, permeability, nutrient content, and soil microorganisms. Host plants, herbivores, and farming measures also have an important impact on the AM fungal community. On the basis of the above, the influence of the intra- and inter-relationship of ecological factors on AM fungal spores distribution, and perspectives on the dynamics of communities in mycorrhizal ecology are discussed.

中图分类号:

Q143
W949.32

孙向伟,王晓娟,陈牧,豆存艳,高飞翔,金樑. 生态环境因子对AM真菌孢子形成与分布的作用机制[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(1): 214-221.

SUN Xiang-wei, WANG Xiao-juan, CHEN Mu, DOU Cun-yan, GAO Fei-xiang, JIN Liang. Effects of eco-environmental factors on the production and distribution
of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(1): 214-221.

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