黄河口滨岸潮滩湿地CO2、CH4和N2O通量特征初步研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2009年8月,运用静态暗箱-气相色谱法对夏季黄河口滨岸潮滩湿地CO₂、CH₄和N₂O通量的日变化特征进行了原位观测。结果表明,夏季低潮滩沉积物-大气界面的CO₂、CH₄和N₂O通量均具有明显日变化特征,日通量范围分别为-18.755～43.731,-0.070～0.224和-0.002～0.008 mg/(m²·h),均值为11.630,0.079和0.005 mg/(m²·h),全天表现为三者的排放“源”;中潮滩沉积物-大气界面CO₂、CH₄和N₂O通量的日变化范围分别为-30.780～25.734,-0.111～0.100和-0.004～0.006 mg/(m²·h),均值为4.570,0.011和0.002 mg/(m²·h),全天亦表现为三者的排放“源”;中潮滩-大气界面CO₂、CH₄和N₂O通量的日变化范围分别为46.253～102.637,-0.211～0.048和-0.008～0.008 mg/(m²·h),均值为76.656,-0.038和-0.002 mg/(m²·h),全天表现为CO₂的“源”、CH₄和N₂O的“汇”。本研究还发现,中潮滩的CO₂通量与气温呈显著正相关(P＜0.05)关系,低潮滩沉积物的CH₄通量与气温、地表温度和5 cm地温呈极显著正相关(P＜0.01)关系,而中潮滩的N₂O通量与气温、地表温度和不同深度地温(5,10,20 cm)呈显著(P＜0.05)或极显著(P＜0.01)负相关关系;沉积物基质和翅碱蓬群落是影响CO₂、CH₄和N₂O通量特征的重要因素,而水分、盐分对于三者通量特征的影响也不容忽视。

Abstract: The diurnal variation characteristics of carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) fluxes from intertidal flat wetland of the Yellow River estuary were observed in situ with a static-chamber and GC in August 2009. CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O fluxes from the low tidal flat sediment showed an obvious diurnal variation. The flux ranges were from -18.754 6 to 43.730 8, -0.069 8 to 0.224 2 and -0.001 6 to 0.008 3 mg/(m²·h), and the daily average fluxes were 11.629 7, 0.078 7 and 0.004 6 mg/(m²·h), respectively, which showed that the low tidal flat sediment was the source of atmospheric CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O. The flux ranges of CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O in the middle tidal flat sediment were from -30.779 9 to 25.734 2, -0.111 3 to 0.1001 and -0.004 4 to 0.006 3 mg/(m²·h), and the daily average fluxes were 4.569 9, 0.011 3 and 0.002 3 mg/(m²·h), respectively, which showed that the middle tidal flat sediment was also the source of atmospheric CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O. The flux ranges of CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O in the high tidal flat were from 46.253 3 to 102.637 4, -0.210 9 to 0.047 5 and -0.008 3 to 0.007 8 mg/(m²·h), and the daily average fluxes were 76.656 1, -0.037 9 and -0.002 0 mg/(m²·h), respectively, which showed that the high tidal flat was not only the source of atmospheric CO₂ but also a sink for atmospheric CH₄ and N₂O. Further analysis showed that CO₂ flux from the middle tidal flat sediment was significantly positively correlated with atmospheric temperatures (P＜0.05), as was the CH₄ flux from the low tidal flat sediment (0 and 5 cm ground temperatures (P＜0.01)), but the N₂O flux from the middle tidal flat sediment was significantly negatively correlated with atmospheric temperatures and different depths of ground temperatures (5, 10 and 20 cm) (P＜0.05 or 0.01). In addition, sediment solvent and the Suaeda salsa community were the main factors affecting the flux characteristics of CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O, while soil water content and salinity also affected them.

中图分类号:

S151.9⁺3

王玲玲,孙志高,牟晓杰,孙万龙,宋红丽,姜欢欢. 黄河口滨岸潮滩湿地CO₂、CH₄和N₂O通量特征初步研究[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(3): 51-61.

WANG Ling-ling, SUN Zhi-gao, MOU Xiao-jie, SUN Wan-long, SONG Hong-li, JIANG Huan-huan. A preliminary study on carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide fluxes from intertidal flat wetlands of the Yellow River estuary[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(3): 51-61.

参考文献

[1] IPCC. Changes in atmospheric constituents and in radioactive forcing[A]. Climate Change: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change[M]. Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
[2] Rodhe H. A comparison of the contribution of various gases to the greenhouse effect[J]. Science, 1990, 248: 1217-1219.
[3] Blake D R, Rowland F S. Continuing worldwide increase in tropospheric methane, 1978 to 1987[J]. Science, 1988, 239: 1129-1131.
[4] Prinn R G, Cunnold D M, Rasmussen R. Atmospheric emissions and trends of nitrous oxide deduced from ten years of ALE-GAGE data[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1990, 95: 18369-18385.
[5] 戴树桂. 环境化学[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2002: 73-74.
[6] Cartaxana P, Lloyd D. N₂, N₂O and O₂ profiles in a Tagus Estuary Salt Marsh[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 1999, 48(6): 751-756.
[7] 韩方虎, 沈禹颖, 王希, 等. 苜蓿草地土壤氮矿化的研究[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(2): 11-17.
[8] 周萍, 刘国彬, 薛萐, 等. 草地生态系统土壤呼吸及其影响因素研究进展[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(2): 184-193.
[9] 吴彩霞, 傅华. 根系分泌物的作用及影响因素[J]. 草业科学, 2009, 26(9): 24-29.
[10] 李东, 曹广民, 黄耀, 等. 青藏高原高寒灌丛草甸生态系统碳平衡研究[J]. 草业科学, 2010, 27(1): 37-41.
[11] Hirota M, Senga Y, Seike Y, et al. Fluxes of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide in two contrastive fringing zones of coastal lagoon, Lake Nakaumi, Japan[J]. Chemosphere, 2007, 68(3): 597-603.
[12] Inubushi K, Furukawa Y, Hadi A, et al. Seasonal changes of CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O fluxes in relation to land-use change in tropical peatlands located in coastal area of South Kalimantan[J]. Chemosphere, 2003, 52(3): 603-608.
[13] Shingo U, Chun-sim U G, Takahito Y. Dynamics of dissolved O₂, CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O in a tropical coastal swamp in southern Thailand[J]. Biogeochemistry, 2000, 49: 191-215.
[14] Smith C J, DeLaune R D, Patrick W H. Nitrous oxide emission from Gulf Coast wetlands[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1983, 47(10): 1805-1814.
[15] Allen D E, Dalal R C, Rennenberg H, et al. Spatial and temporal variation of nitrous oxide and methane flux between subtropical mangrove sediments and the atmosphere[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2007, 39(2): 622-631.
[16] Amouroux D, Roberts G, Rapsomanikis S, et al. Biogenic gas (CH₄, N₂O, DMS) emission to the atmosphere from near-shore and shelf waters of the north-western Black Sea[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2002, 54(3): 575-587.
[17] Magalhes C, Costa J, Teixeira C, et al. Impact of trace metals on denitrification in estuarine sediments of the Douro River estuary, Portugal[J]. Marine Chemistry, 2007, 107(3): 332-341.
[18] Muoz-Hincapié M, Morell J M, Corredor J E. Increase of nitrous oxide flux to the atmosphere upon nitrogen addition to red mangroves sediments[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2002, 44(10): 992-996.
[19] Gregorich E G, Hopkins D W, Elberling B, et al. Emission of CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O from lakeshore soils in an Antarctic dry valley[J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2006, 38: 3120-3129.
[20] Sun L G, Zhu R B, Xie Z Q, et al. Emissions of nitrous oxide and methane from Antarctic Tundra: role of penguin dropping deposition[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2002, 36(31): 4977-4982.
[21] Zhu R B, Liu Y S, Ma J, et al. Nitrous oxide flux to the atmosphere from two coastal tundra wetlands in eastern Antarctica[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2008, 42(10): 2437-2447.
[22] 徐继荣, 王友绍, 殷建, 等. 珠江口入海河段DIN形态转化与硝化和反硝化作用[J]. 环境科学学报, 2005, 25(5): 686-692.
[23] Wang D Q, Chen Z L, Wang J, et al. Summer-time denitrification and nitrous oxide exchange in the intertidal zone of the Yangtze Estuary[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2007, 73(1-2): 43-53.
[24] 王东启, 陈振楼, 王军, 等. 夏季长江口潮间带CH₄、CO₂和N₂O通量特征[J]. 地球化学, 2007, 36(1): 78-88.
[25] 卢昌义, 叶勇, 林鹏, 等. 海南海莲红树林土壤CH₄的产生及其某些影响因素[J]. 海洋学报, 1998, 20(6): 132-138.
[26] 叶勇, 卢昌义, 林鹏. 海南岛和下面红树林湿地CH₄排放的时空变化[J]. 大气科学, 2000, 24(2): 153-156.
[27] 仝川, 曾从盛, 王维奇, 等. 闽江河口芦苇潮汐湿地甲烷通量及主要影响因子[J]. 环境科学学报, 2009, 29(1): 207-216.
[28] 曾从盛, 王维奇, 仝川. 不同电子受体及盐分输入对河口湿地土壤甲烷产生潜力的影响[J]. 地理研究, 2008, 27(6): 1321-1330.
[29] 丁维新, 蔡祖聪. 温度对甲烷产生和氧化的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, 14(4): 604-608.
[30] Yagi K, Minami K. Effect of organic matter applications on methane emission from some Japanese paddy fields[J]. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 1990, 36(4): 599-610.
[31] 谢军飞, 李玉娥. 土壤温度对北京旱地农田N₂O排放的影响[J]. 中国农业气象, 2005, 26(10): 7-10.
[32] 郑循华, 王明星, 王跃思, 等. 华东稻麦轮作生态系统的N₂O 排放研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 1997, 8(5): 495-499.
[33] 卢妍, 宋长春, 徐洪文, 等. 沼泽湿地草甸N₂O排放通量日变化规律研究[J]. 上海环境科学, 2009, 28(4): 139-142.
[34] Kim J, Verma D P. Seasonal variation in methane emission from a temperate Phragmites dominated marsh: effect of growth stage and plant mediated transport[J]. Global Change Biology, 1998, 5: 433-440
[35] Law C S, Rees A P, Owens N J P. Temporal variability of denitrification in estuarine sediments[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 1991, 33(1): 37-56.
[36] Moore T R, Dalva M. Methane and carbon dioxide exchange potentials of peat soils in aerobic and anaerobic laboratory incubations[J]. Soil Biology Biochemstry, 1997, 29: 1157-1164.
[37] Keshab D. Awasthi, Bishal K, et al. Fluxes of methane and carbon dioxide from soil under forest, grazing land, irrigated rice and rainfed field crops in a watershed of Nepal[J]. Biology Fertilizer Soils, 2005, 41: 163-172.
[38] Sjgersten S, Wookey P A. Climate and resource quality controls on soil respiration across a forest-tundra ecotone in Swedish Lapland[J]. Soil Biology & Biochemstry, 2002, 34: 1633-1654.
[39] Flanagan P W, Veum A K. Relationships between respiration, weight loss, temperature and moisture in organic residues on tundra[A]. In: Holding A J, Heal O W, MacLean S F, et al. Soil Organism and Decomposition in Tundra. IBP Tundra[C]. Biome Committee, Stockholm, 1974: 249-278.
[40] Middelburg J J, Klaver G, Nieuwenhuize J, et al. Organic matter mineralization in intertidal sediments along an estuarine gradient[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 1996, 132: 157-168.
[41] Fiedler S, Sommer M. Methane emissions, groundwater levels and redox potentials of common wetland soils in a temperate-humid climate[J]. Global Biogeochemical, 2000, 14(4): 1081-1093.
[42] 孙志高, 刘景双, 杨继松, 等. 三江平原典型小叶章湿地土壤硝化-反硝化作用与氧化亚氮排放[J]. 应用生态学报, 2007, 18(1): 185-192.
[43] Dowrick D J, Hughes S, Freeman C, et al. Nitrous oxide emissions from a gully mire in mid-Wales, UK, under simulated summer drought[J]. Biogeochemistry, 1999, 44: 151-162.
[44] 孙志高, 刘景双, 杨继松, 等. 生长季与非生长季小叶章湿地N₂O通量特征及排放贡献[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(6): 242-247.
[45] Magenheimer J F, Moore T R, Chmura G. L, et al. Methane and carbon dioxide flux from a macrotidal salt marsh, Bay of Fundy, New Brunswick[J]. Estuaries, 1996, 19(1): 139-145.
[46] Krasakopoulou E, Rapsomanikis S, Papadopoulos A, et al. Partial pressure and air-sea CO₂ flux in the Aegean Sea during February 2006[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2009, 29: 1477-1488.
[47] Frankignoulle M, Bourge I, Canon C, et al. Distribution of surface seawater partial CO₂ pressure in the English Channel and in the Southern Bight of the North Sea[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 1996, 16: 381-395.
[48] Gardner W S, Seitzinger S P, Malgzyk J M. The effects of sea salts on the forms of nitrogen released from estuarine and freshwater sediments: Does ion pairing affect ammonium flux?[J]. Estuaries, 1991, 14(2): 157-166.
[49] Seitainger S E, Gardner W S, Spratt A K. The effect of salinity on ammonium sorption in aquatic sediments: Implications for benthic nutrient recycling[J]. Estuaries, 1991, 14(2): 167-174.
[50] Rysgaard S, Thastum P, Dalsgaard T, et al. Effects of salinity on NH₄⁺ adsorption capacity, nitrification, and denitrification in Danish estuarine sediments[J]. Estuaries, 1999, 22(1): 21-30.
[51] 卢妍, 宋长春, 王毅勇, 等. 植物对沼泽湿地生态系统CO₂ 和CH₄ 排放的影响[J]. 西北植物学报, 2007, 27(11): 2306-2313.
[52] Thomas K L, Benstead J, Davies K L, et al. Role of wetland plants in the diurnal control of CH₄ and CO₂ fluxes in peat[J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 1996, 28: 17-23.
[53] 杨思河, 陈冠雄, 林继慧, 等. 几种木本植物的N₂O释放与某些生理活动的关系[J]. 应用生态学报, 1995, 6(4): 337-340.
[54] Keppler F, John T G, Hamilton, et al. Methane emissions from terrestrial plants under aerobic conditions[J]. Nature, 2006, 439: 187-191.
[55] Yu K W, Wang Z P, Chen G X. Nitrous oxide and methane transport through rice plants[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 1997, 24: 341-343.

黄河口滨岸潮滩湿地CO₂、CH₄和N₂O通量特征初步研究

A preliminary study on carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide fluxes from intertidal flat wetlands of the Yellow River estuary

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 0

编辑推荐

Metrics