苜蓿皂苷对断奶仔猪脂质代谢、抗氧化和免疫的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究了苜蓿皂苷对断奶仔猪脂质代谢、血清抗氧化和免疫性能指标的影响。根据品种、胎次、日龄、体重尽量一致的原则,选择健康无病、体重9.2 kg左右的杜×长×大三元杂交仔猪48头(阉公猪和小母猪各半),试验采用4处理3重复单因子完全随机设计。对照组喂基础饲粮,试验组在对照组日粮的基础上分别添加0.25％(试验Ⅰ组)、0.50％(试验Ⅱ组)和1.00％(试验Ⅲ组)的苜蓿皂苷。结果显示,1)饲粮中添加苜蓿皂苷,显著降低了血清中甘油三酯的含量,其中试验Ⅲ组极显著(P<0.01)低于对照组,但对肝脏中甘油三酯含量无显著影响(P>0.05);饲粮中添加苜蓿皂苷极显著(P<0.01)降低了血清中总胆固醇的含量,显著(P<0.05)提高了血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇变化规律与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇相反;饲粮中添加苜蓿皂苷显著(P<0.05)降低了肝脏中总胆固醇的含量,在一定程度上提高了肝脏中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量,降低了肌肉中胆固醇含量。2)随着饲粮中苜蓿皂苷添加量的增加,血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性不断增强,其中试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的活性均显著(P<0.05)高于对照组;苜蓿皂苷也降低了血清中丙二醛的含量但差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)饲粮中添加苜蓿皂苷,血清中总蛋白和白蛋白含量依次提高,但差异不显著;试验组IgG含量极显著(P<0.01)高于对照组,而IgA和IgM与对照组相比差异不显著,说明在饲粮中添加苜蓿皂苷可在一定程度上提高断奶仔猪的免疫力。综合结果表明,在饲粮中添加一定量的苜蓿皂苷有利于降低血清、肝脏和肌肉中的胆固醇含量,调节仔猪的血脂代谢,并能提高仔猪的抗氧化性能和免疫机能。

Abstract: To evaluate the effects of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) saponins on lipid metabolism, antioxidation and immunity of weaned piglets, the piglets were weaned at 3 weeks when the average body weight was 9.2 kg. They were divided into four treatments, three replicates per treatment and four piglets per replicate in a complete random single factorial design. The levels of alfalfa saponins were 0% (control group), 0.25% (groupⅠ), 0.50% (group Ⅱ), and 1.00% (group Ⅲ). 1) Triglycercide (TG) contents of the three trial groups of blood serum were significantly lower than that of the control group, and that of group Ⅲ was very significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.01), but alfalfa saponins had no effects on the liver TG content; The total cholesterol (T-CHO) content of the trial groups blood serum were very significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.01), but high density lipoprotein cholesterine (HDL-CHO) content of blood serum was significantly higher than that of the control group while low density lipoprotein cholesterine (LDL-CHO) content was the opposite of HDL-CHO. When the piglets were fed with alfalfa saponins, the number of TG of liver was significantly reduced (P<0.05), that of HDL-CHO increased, but cholesterol content of the eye muscle decreased. 2) As the alfalfa saponins levels increased, glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity increased, and those of group Ⅱ, Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of the control group, but malonaldehyde (MDA) content was the opposite (P>0.05). 3) Contents of total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) of blood serum were improved when the piglets were fed with alfalfa saponins, however, there were no significant differences among trial groups and the control group; IgG contents of trial groups were very significantly (P<0.01) higher than that of the control group, indicating that alfalfa saponins can improve the immunity of weaned piglets. The suitable alfalfa saponins contents were useful for reducing cholesterol content of blood serum, liver and eye muscle, adjusting the lipid metabolism, and improving the oxidation resistance and immune function.

中图分类号:

S816.32
S828

王成章,王彦华,史莹华,严学兵,何云,樊文娜. 苜蓿皂苷对断奶仔猪脂质代谢、抗氧化和免疫的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(4): 210-218.

WANG Cheng-zhang, WANG Yan-hua, SHI Ying-hua, YAN Xue-bing, HE Yun, FAN Wen-na. Effects of alfalfa saponins on the lipid metabolism, antioxidation and immunity of weaned piglets[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(4): 210-218.

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