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草业学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (5): 245-251.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

气候变暖对河西走廊绿洲灌区主要作物需水量的影响

王鹤龄1,2,牛俊义1,王润元2,吕晓东3   

  1. 1.甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃 兰州 730720;
    2.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室 中国气象局干旱气候变化重点开放实验室,甘肃 兰州 730020;
    3.甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所,甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 出版日期:2011-10-20 发布日期:2011-10-20
  • 作者简介:王鹤龄(1978-),男,甘肃会宁人,在读博士,助理研究员。
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技部气象行业专项“西北旱作农业对气候变暖的响应特征及其预警和应对技术研究”(GY-HY200806021)和甘肃省自然基金“气候变化对甘肃农作物的影响研究”(3ZS061-A25-010)资助。

Impact of climate change on water requirement of main crops in irrigated oasis of Hexi corridor

WANG He-ling1,2, NIU Jun-yi1, WANG Run-yuan2, LV Xiao-dong3   

  1. 1.College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
    2.Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province, Key Open Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Disaster Reduction of CMA, Institute of Arid Meteorology, CMA, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    3.Institute of Soil, Fertilier and Water-saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China
  • Online:2011-10-20 Published:2011-10-20

摘要: 作物需水量是农田水分循环系统中最重要的因素之一。在未来温度上升1~4℃的情景下,研究了气候变暖对我国河西绿洲灌区主要作物需水量的影响。结果表明,气候变暖对不同作物需水量的影响程度不同。其中对棉花和玉米需水量的影响最大,对小麦的影响次之。当生长期内温度上升1~4℃时,棉花需水量将增加2.17%~12.66%,相当于15.00~83.00 mm;玉米需水量将增加1.90%~11.49%,相当于14.60~82.50 mm;小麦需水量将增加1.80%~10.03%,相当于9.70~50.70 mm。气候变化对作物需水量的影响存在一定地域性差异。当增加1℃时,对干旱区武威作物需水量的影响略大于极端干旱区敦煌。当增加2℃时,武威和敦煌的作物需水量几乎相当。当增加3和4℃时,则对敦煌作物需水量的影响大于武威。根据河西绿洲灌区目前的种植结构,当温度上升1~4℃时,估算将使整个地区棉花的灌溉需水量增加0.11,0.21,0.37,0.62亿m3;玉米的灌溉需水量增加0.16,0.33,0.56,0.93亿m3;小麦的灌溉需水量增加0.14,0.26,0.45,0.71亿m3;总的灌溉需水量增加0.41,0.80,1.38,2.25亿m3。气候变暖将使河西绿洲灌区业已紧张的水资源供需矛盾更加突出。

Abstract: The crop water requirement is one of the most important factors in farmland water circulation system. study the effects of climate warming on water requirement of major crops in irrigated oasis in Hexi corridor when 1-4℃ temperature rise in the future scenarios. The results show that climate change will have great impact on water requirement of cotton and corn, followed by spring wheat. when the temperature rises 1-4℃ during the growth period, cotton, water requirement of cotton will increase by 2.17%-12.66%, equivalent to 15.00-83.00 mm; corn will increase by 1.90%-11.49%, equivalent to 14.60-82.50 mm; wheat will be increase by 1.80%-10.03%, equivalent to 9.70-50.70 mm.There are certain regional differences which the impact of climate change on crop water requirements. When the temperature increases 1℃, the crop water requirement of Wuwei in arid regions slightly larger than Dunhuang in extreme arid region; When increases 2℃, the demand almost equivalent. Dunhuang is greater than the Wuwei if increased 3 and 4℃. According to the current planting planning in Hexi Oasis, the given temperature scenario will cause an additional water requirement of 0.11,0.21,0.37,0.62 million m3 for cotton, 0.16,0.33,0.56, 0.93 million m3 for corn; and 0.14,0.26,0.45,0.71 million m3 for spring wheat. The total irrigation water increase 0.41,0.80,1.38,2.25 billion m3. Climate warming will make the situation of water shortage more severe.

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