过量施氮对嵌合体‘金旗’玉簪叶色、氮代谢关键酶活性及叶绿体超微结构的影响

草业学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (5): 93-101.

过量施氮对嵌合体‘金旗’玉簪叶色、氮代谢关键酶活性及叶绿体超微结构的影响

张金政^{1, 2}, 刘岳路²,李晓东²,刘洪章^1*,孙国峰²,何卿³

1.吉林农业大学生命科学学院,吉林长春 130118;
2.中国科学院植物研究所植物园,北京100093;
3.国家知识产权局专利审查协作中心, 北京 100190

出版日期:2011-10-20 发布日期:2011-10-20
通讯作者: E-mail:lhz999@126.com
作者简介:张金政(1965-),男,北京人,副研究员,在职博士。
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新重要方向性项目(KSCX2-EW-B-2,KSCX2-EW-B-5)资助。

Effects of excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer on leaf color, key enzymes activities of nitrogen metabolism and chloroplast ultrastructure of a chimera Hosta ‘Gold Standard’

ZHANG Jin-zheng^1,2, LIU Yue-lu², LI Xiao-dong², LIU Hong-zhang¹, SUN Guo-feng², HE Qing³

1.College of Science and Life, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
2.Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China;
3.Patent Examination Collaborating Center, State Intellectual Property Office, Beijing 100190, China

Online:2011-10-20 Published:2011-10-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以嵌合体类型花叶玉簪的代表品种‘金旗’玉簪为材料,研究了过量施用氮肥对嵌合体‘金旗’玉簪叶片的不同部位叶色变化、氮代谢关键酶以及叶绿体超微结构的影响。研究结果显示,在过量(2 g/kg栽培基质)尿素处理后28 d,嵌合体‘金旗’玉簪叶片黄色部位完全转绿,叶绿素含量显著上升且达到最大值;与其相对应嵌合体‘金旗’玉簪叶片的绿色部位叶绿素含量在处理后7 d达到最大值,在处理后28 d达到最低值。嵌合体‘金旗’玉簪叶片各部位(黄色和绿色)的全氮含量,硝酸还原酶(NR)活性,谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)活性均在处理后7 d达最高水平;嵌合体‘金旗’玉簪叶片(黄色和绿色)的氨态氮初始合成关键酶-谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性在施肥处理后14 d达到最大值,谷氨酸合酶(GOGAT)活性高低与叶绿素含量变化趋势一致。嵌合体‘金旗’玉簪叶片黄色部位的叶绿体在施肥处理前,其发育受到严重抑制,缺乏正常的基粒堆积,并存在大量“空泡”;施肥处理后28 d,受抑制的叶绿体超微结构发育完全,出现正常的类囊体片层结构,与其绿色部位和非嵌合体玉簪叶片的叶绿体结构相似。

Abstract: Leaf colors, key enzymes of nitrogen metabolism, and chloroplast ultrastructure were studied in excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer cultivation on chimera Hosta ‘Gold standard’. The results showed that: chlorophyll content significantly increased or decreased in yellow or green leaf area of the chimera in the 2 g/kg of urea fertilizer treatment respectively, and leaf of chimera completely turned green within 28 d. Total N content, activities of nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) of chimera leaf reached to their highest level after 7 days treatment; activities of glutamine synthetase (GS) reached to their highest level after 14 days treatment, and the changing trends of glutamate synthetase (GOGAT) activities was similar to chlorophyll content on chimera leaf. The develepoment of chloroplast ultrastructure, which lacks normal grana stacking, and contains large number of vacuoles was severely inhibited in the yellow leaf area of the chemera. After 28 d fertilization treatments, normal thylakoid lamellar structure was formed in chloroplast of yellow leaf area, which was similar to the chloroplast structure of the green leaf area and leaf of non-chimera Hosta.

中图分类号:

张金政, 刘岳路,李晓东,刘洪章,孙国峰,何卿. 过量施氮对嵌合体‘金旗’玉簪叶色、氮代谢关键酶活性及叶绿体超微结构的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(5): 93-101.

ZHANG Jin-zheng, LIU Yue-lu, LI Xiao-dong, LIU Hong-zhang, SUN Guo-feng, HE Qing. Effects of excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer on leaf color, key enzymes activities of nitrogen metabolism and chloroplast ultrastructure of a chimera Hosta ‘Gold Standard’[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(5): 93-101.

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