生物添加剂对水葫芦与甜玉米秸秆混合青贮品质的影响

草业学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (6): 195-202.

生物添加剂对水葫芦与甜玉米秸秆混合青贮品质的影响

陈鑫珠¹,庄益芬^2*,张建国¹,廖惠珍²,张文昌²,张兆阳²,陈庆达²

1.华南农业大学农学院,广东广州 510642;
2.福建农林大学动物科学学院, 福建福州 350002

收稿日期:2010-12-06 出版日期:2011-06-25 发布日期:2011-12-20
通讯作者: E-mail:yfzfz@163.com
作者简介:陈鑫珠(1984-),女,福建龙岩人,在读博士。 E-mail:010622051@163.com
基金资助:
福建省教育厅科技项目(JK2009010)资助。

Effects of biological additives on the quality of water hyacinth and maize straw mixed silage

CHEN Xin-zhu¹, ZHUANG Yi-fen², ZHANG Jian-guo¹, LIAO Hui-zhen², ZHANG Wen-chang², ZHANG Zhao-yang², CHEN Qing-da²

1.South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
2.College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China

Received:2010-12-06 Online:2011-06-25 Published:2011-12-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究设计了4种混合比例的水葫芦玉米秸秆混合青贮,即水葫芦∶玉米秸秆按鲜重比为8∶2,7∶3,6∶4和5∶5(略为W8M2、W7M3、W6M4和W5M5),探讨生物添加剂绿汁发酵液(FGJ)、纤维素酶(CEL)和绿汁发酵液+纤维素酶(MIX)的效果。每个处理3次重复,常温下贮存60 d,开封后评定其青贮品质。结果表明,3种添加剂对不同混合比例的材料均能显著(P<0.05)提高其青贮品质,特别是绿汁发酵液和纤维素酶的混合添加,具有相乘作用,效果更好。随着玉米秸秆混合比例的升高,青贮品质提高,W5M5的效果最好。

Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of biological additives on the quality of mixing water hyacinth and maize stalk, four mixture ratios of water hyacinth and maize stalk at 8∶2, 7∶3, 6∶4 and 5∶5 (W8M2, W7M3, W6M4 and W5M5) were designed. In addition, no-additive, fermented green juice (FGJ), cellulase (CEL) and FGJ+CEL (MIX) were added for all materials. After ensiled for 60 days at ambient temperature, the nutritional composition were measured for each treatment. Three kinds of additives significant improved the fermentation quality of water hyacinth and maize straw mixed silages (P<0.05). FGJ and CEL also had obvious interaction. In addition, with the increase of corn straw mixture ratio, the quality of silage was improved. W5M5 was the best silage.

中图分类号:

陈鑫珠,庄益芬,张建国,廖惠珍,张文昌,张兆阳,陈庆达. 生物添加剂对水葫芦与甜玉米秸秆混合青贮品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(6): 195-202.

CHEN Xin-zhu, ZHUANG Yi-fen, ZHANG Jian-guo, LIAO Hui-zhen, ZHANG Wen-chang, ZHANG Zhao-yang, CHEN Qing-da. Effects of biological additives on the quality of water hyacinth and maize straw mixed silage[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(6): 195-202.

参考文献

[1] Gajalakshmi S, Ramasamy E V, Abbasi S A. High-rate composting-vermicomposting of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes, Mart. Solms)[J].Bioresource Technology, 2002, 83(3): 235-239.
[2] 杨宣华, 麦焯棉, 许波, 等. 水葫芦培养料栽培平菇试验[J]. 佛山科学技术学院学报(自然科学版), 2004, 22(3): 78-80.
[3] 张祖堂, 林革, 方金辉, 等.利用水葫芦栽培草菇试验初报[J]. 福建农业科技, 1997, (6): 15.
[4] Ashton P J, Scott W E, Steyn D J, et al. The chemical control programme against the water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms on Hartbeespoort Dam: historical and practical aspects[J].South Africa Journal Science, 1979, 75: 303-306.
[5] 邢月华, 马云祥, 汪仁, 等. 对育肥猪喂饲水葫芦的适宜配比及经济效益分析[J]. 辽宁农业科学, 2001, 45(2): 39.
[6] Ohshima M, Kimura E, Yokota H, et al. Effects of addition of fermented green juice and lactic acid bacteria on the quality of alfalfa silages[J]. Grassland Science, 1996, 42(supplement): 280-281.
[7] 杨胜. 饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M]. 北京: 中国农业大学出版社, 1993: 19-33.
[8] Van Soent P J, Robertson J B, Lewis B A. Methods for dietary fiber neutral detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1991, 74: 3583-3597.
[9] Morimoto H. Experimentation for Animal Nutrition[M]. Tokyo: Youkendo, 1971: 1-149.
[10] Han K J, Collins M, Vanzant E S, et al. Bale density and moisture effects on alfalfa round bale silage[J]. Crop Science, 2004, 44(3): 914-919.
[11] Cussen R F, Merry R J, Williams A P, et al. The effect of additives on the ensilage of forage of differing perennial ryegrass and white clover content[J]. Grass and Forage Science, 1995, 50: 249-258.
[12] Broderica G A, Kang J H. Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1980, 33: 64-75.
[13] 刘建新, 杨振海, 叶均安, 等. 青贮饲料的合理调制和质量评定标准[J]. 饲料工业, 1999, 20(3): 4-7.
[14] 庄益芬, 张文昌, 陈鑫珠, 等. 绿汁发酵液、纤维素酶及其混合物对水葫芦青贮品质的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2008, 24(5): 35-38.
[15] 李长慧, 班春莉. 披碱草和苜蓿混合青贮试验研究[J]. 黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2006, (2): 56-57.
[16] 闫晓波, 韩向敏. 马铃薯渣和玉米秸秆混合青贮料对奶牛生产性能的影响[J]. 广东农业科学, 2009, (5): 144-145.
[17] 吴进东. 添加剂对农作物秸秆混合青贮发酵品质的影响[J]. 中国牛业科学, 2008, 34(2): 6-8.
[18] 玉柱, 陶莲, 陈燕, 等. 添加玉米秸秆对两种三叶草青贮品质的影响[J]. 中国奶牛, 2009, 10(4): 15-18.
[19] 张英俊, 玉柱, 罗海玲, 等. 葛藤玉米混合青贮品质研究[J]. 植物保护, 2002, 28(4): 51-53.
[20] 田晋梅, 谢海军. 豆科植物沙打旺、柠条、草木樨单独青贮及饲喂反刍家畜的试验研究[J]. 黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2000, (6): 14-15.
[21] 王昆昆, 玉柱, 邵涛, 等. 乳酸菌制剂对不同比例苜蓿和披碱草混贮发酵品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2010, 19(4): 94-100.
[22] 田瑞霞, 安渊, 梁金凤, 等. 添加剂对紫花苜蓿青贮品质的影响[J]. 中国草地, 2005, 27(4): 10-14.
[23] 许庆方, 崔志文, 魏化敬, 等. 不同添加剂对小黑麦青贮饲料品质的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2009, 17(4): 480-485.
[24] Masuko T, Kodama I, Ohta N. Effects of addition of formic acid or mixture of bacterial inoculant and enzyme on fermentation of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) silages[J]. Grassland Science, 1996, 42(1): 13-19.
[25] 马春晖, 夏艳军, 韩军, 等. 不同青贮添加剂对紫花苜蓿青贮品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2010, 19(1): 128-133.
[26] Shao T, Ohba N, Shimojo M, et al. Fermentation quality of forage oat (Avena sativa L.)silages treated with prefermented juices, sorbic acid, glucose and encapsulatd glucose[J]. Facaulty Agriculture, Kyushu University, 2003, 47(2): 341-349.
[27] Bureenok S,Namihirat T, Tamaki M, et al. Fermentative quality of guineagrass silage by using fermented juice of the epiphtic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) as a silage additive[J]. Asian-Autralasian Journal of Animal Science, 2005, 18(6): 807.
[28] Ohshima M Y, Kimura E, Yokota H. Fermentation quality of alfalfa and Italian ryegrass silages treated with previously fermented juices prepared from both the herbages[J]. Animal Science Technology, 1997, 68: 41-44.
[29] Ohshima M Y, Kimura E, Yokota H. A method of making good quality silage from direct cut alfalfa by spraying previously fermented juice[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 1997, 66: 129-137.
[30] Ohshima M, Cao L M, Kimura E, et al. Influence of addition of fermented green juice to alfalfa ensiled at different moisture contents[J]. Grass Science, 1997, 43: 56-68.
[31] 许庆芳, 韩建国, 周禾, 等. 苜蓿绿汁发酵液特性的研究[J]. 草地学报, 2005, 13(4): 295-298.
[32] 庄益芬, 张文昌, 张丽, 等. 添加剂对水葫芦青贮品质的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2007, 23(9): 32-35.
[33] 杨杰, 顾洪如, 翟频, 等. 凋萎程度与复合添加剂处理对多花黑麦草青贮品质的影响[J]. 江苏农业学报, 2008, 24(2): 185-189.
[34] Dewar W A, McDonald P, Whittenbury R. The hydrolysis of grass hemicelluloses during ensilage[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1963, 14: 411-417.
[35] 汪维云, 朱金华, 吴守一. 纤维素科学及纤维素酶的研究进展[J]. 江苏理工大学学报, 1998, 19(30): 20-27.
[36] 李静, 高兰阳, 沈益新. 乳酸菌和纤维素酶对稻草青贮品质的影响[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2008, 31(4): 86-90.
[37] Sheperd A C, Kung J L. Effects of an enzyme additive on composition of corn silage ensiled at various stases of maturity[J]. Dairy Science, 1996, 79: 1767-1773.
[38] Kung J L, Carmean B R, Tung R S. Microbial inoculation or cellulose enzyme treatment of barely and vetch silage harvested at three maturities[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1990, 73: 1304-1311.
[39] 孙娟娟, 玉柱, 薛艳林. 添加剂对羊草青贮发酵品质和体外消化率的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2007, 15(3): 238-240.
[40] 玉柱, 白春生, 孙启忠. 不同添加剂对无芒雀麦青贮品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2008, 10(4): 76-81.