不同耕作措施对西北绿洲灌区冬小麦农田土壤呼吸的影响

草业学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (1): 273-278.

不同耕作措施对西北绿洲灌区冬小麦农田土壤呼吸的影响

于爱忠,黄高宝^*,柴强

甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070

出版日期:2012-02-20 发布日期:2012-02-20
通讯作者: E-mail:huanggb@gsau.edu.cn
作者简介:于爱忠(1981-),男,甘肃武威人,讲师,在读博士。
基金资助:
农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103001),甘肃省科技厅工程技术中心建设计划(093NTGA007)和甘肃农业大学创新基金(GAU-CX1029)资助。

Effect of different tillage treatments on soil respiration of winter-wheat farmland in oasis irrigated area Northwest China

YU Ai-zhong, HUANG Gao-bao, CHAI Qiang

Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science in Gansu Province; College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China

Online:2012-02-20 Published:2012-02-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在西北绿洲灌区多年田间定位试验基础上,研究了免耕秸秆覆盖(NTS)、免耕不覆盖(NT)和传统耕作(T)3种耕作措施下冬小麦农田土壤呼吸变化特征及其对土壤温湿度的敏感性。结果表明,3种耕作措施土壤呼吸速率日变化和生育期变化呈单峰曲线。免耕秸秆覆盖处理土壤呼吸速率日峰值出现在15:00,免耕不覆盖和传统耕作处理出现在14:00。3种耕作措施土壤呼吸速率生育期峰值出现在冬小麦开花期。从冬小麦返青至成熟,免耕秸秆覆盖和传统翻耕处理土壤呼吸平均速率分别较免耕不覆盖处理高43.01%和33.33%。3种耕作措施下土壤呼吸对土壤温度的敏感性(Q₁₀)依次为NT＞NTS＞T,敏感性为1.93~3.00;3种耕作措施下土壤呼吸对土壤含水量不敏感。说明在西北绿洲灌区,不同耕作措施下冬小麦农田土壤呼吸主要受耕层土壤温度的控制。

Abstract: Based on a long-term field experiment, the effects of no-tillage with wheat stubble mulching (NTS), no-tillage without wheat stubble mulching (NT) and conventional tillage (T) on soil respiration of winter wheat were studied in oasis irrigated area, Northwest China. The results showed that soil respiration rates appeared in single-peak curve during diurnal and seasonal changes under three tillage treatments. The maximum of diurnal soil respiration rate under NTS treatment occurred at 15: 00,but those of NT and T treatments occurred at 14:00. The peak value of seasonal soil respiration rate under three tillage treatments occurred at anthesis stage of winter wheat (early June). The average of soil respiration rates of NTS and T treatments were 43.01% and 33.33% higher than that of NT treatment, respectively. The sensitivity of soil respiration to soil temperature (Q₁₀) was 1.93-3.00 and was NT＞NTS＞T. Soil respiration was not significantly sensitive to soil water content. It was suggested that soil respiration under different tillage was mainly controlled by soil temperature in this area.

中图分类号:

S512.106

于爱忠,黄高宝,柴强. 不同耕作措施对西北绿洲灌区冬小麦农田土壤呼吸的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2012, 21(1): 273-278.

YU Ai-zhong, HUANG Gao-bao, CHAI Qiang. Effect of different tillage treatments on soil respiration of winter-wheat farmland in oasis irrigated area Northwest China[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2012, 21(1): 273-278.

参考文献

Bond-Lamberty B, Thomson A. Temperature associated increases in the global soil respiration record. Nature, 2010, 464: 580-581.
Luo Y Q, Zhou X H. Soil Respiration and the Environment. San Diego, California: Academic Press/Elsevier, 2006.
Zhang H X, Wang X K, Feng Z W, et al. Soil temperature and moisture sensitivities of soil CO₂ efflux before and after tillage in a wheat field of Loess Plateau, China. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2011, 23(1): 79-86.
Philip J B, James R F, Jeff M N, et al. Soil CO₂ flux from a Norfolk loamy sand after 25 years of conventional and conservation tillage. Soil and Tillage Research, 2006, 90(1-2): 205-211.
屈冉, 李俊生, 罗遵兰, 等. 土壤微生物和有机酸对土壤呼吸速率的影响. 水土保持学报, 2010, 24(4): 242-245.
高会议, 郭胜利, 刘文兆, 等. 黄土旱塬区冬小麦不同施肥处理的土壤呼吸及土壤碳动态. 生态学报, 2009, 29(5): 2551-2559.
黄高宝, 于爱忠, 郭清毅, 等. 甘肃河西冬小麦保护性耕作对土壤风蚀影响的风洞试验研究. 土壤学报, 2007, 44(6): 968-973.
Pandey C B, Chaudhari S K, Dagar J C, et al. Soil N mineralization and microbial biomass carbon affected by different tillage levels in a hot humid tropic. Soil and Tillage Research, 2010, 110(1): 33-41.
张宇, 张海林, 陈继康, 等. 耕作方式对冬小麦田土壤呼吸及各组分贡献的影响. 中国农业科学, 2009, 42(9): 3354-3360.
江晓东, 迟淑筠, 宁堂原, 等. 少免耕模式对土壤呼吸的影响. 水土保持学报, 2009, 23(2): 253-256.
Russ W G, Don C R, Robert A G, et al. Influence of tillage and plant residue management on respiration of a Florida Everglades Histosol. Soil and Tillage Research, 2007, 92(1-2): 156-166.
依艳丽.土壤物理性质研究. 北京: 北京大学出版社, 2009.
Chen H, Harmon M E, Griffiths R P, et al. Effects of temperature and moisture on carbon respired from decomposing woody roots. Forest Ecology and Management, 2000, 138(1-3): 51-63.
刘爽, 严昌荣, 何文清, 等. 不同耕作措施下旱地农田土壤呼吸及其影响因素. 生态学报, 2010, 30(11): 2919-2924.
杨晶, 沈禹颖, 南志标, 等. 保护性耕作对黄土高原玉米-小麦-大豆轮作系统产量及表层土壤碳管理指数的影响. 草业学报, 2010, 19(1): 75-82.
韩广轩, 周广胜, 许振柱. 中国农田生态系统土壤呼吸作用研究与展望. 植物生态学报, 2008, 32(3): 719-733.
韩广轩, 周广胜. 土壤呼吸作用时空动态变化及其影响机制研究与展望. 植物生态学报, 2009, 33(1): 197-205.
邓爱娟, 申双和, 张雪松, 等. 华北平原地区麦田土壤呼吸特征. 生态学杂志, 2009, 28(11): 2286-2292.
林同保, 王志强, 宋雪雷, 等. 冬小麦农田二氧化碳通量及其影响因素分析. 中国生态农业学报, 2008, 16(6): 1458-1463.
Raich J W, Schlesinger W H. The global carbon dioxide flux in soil respiration and its relationship to vegetation and climate. Tellus, 1992, 44(2): 81-89.
代快, 蔡典雄, 王燕, 等. 不同耕作措施对旱作春玉米农田土壤呼吸影响的研究——土壤温度对土壤呼吸速率的影响. 中国土壤与肥料, 2010, (6): 64-69.