模拟酸雨对吊竹梅生长及抗氧化能力的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb20140540

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用盆栽方法,对吊竹梅用pH值为6.7(对照)、5.6、4.5、3.5、2.5、1.5的模拟酸雨进行喷雾处理,测定其生物量、花青素相对浓度、叶绿素含量、硝酸还原酶活性(nitrate reductase, NR)、脯氨酸含量、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD) 活性、过氧化物酶 (peroxidase, POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)活性、丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)含量和质膜透性等指标。结果显示,吊竹梅单株干质量、叶绿素含量、NR活性、花青素相对浓度、CAT活性均呈下降趋势;SOD活性呈先上升后下降趋势;脯氨酸含量、POD活性、MDA含量和质膜透性均呈上升趋势。综合分析表明,模拟酸雨pH值为5.6~3.5处理,吊竹梅生长和抗氧化能力受影响较小,而观赏性不受影响;模拟酸雨pH值为2.5处理,其生长受抑制程度和抗氧化能力下降幅度增大,对其观赏性几乎无影响;模拟酸雨pH值为1.5处理,其生长和抗氧化能力严重受抑制,有明显伤害症状,观赏性急剧下降。

Abstract:

Zebrina pendula plants were sprayed with simulated acid rain at different pH values (6.7, 5.6, 4.5, 3.5, 2.5, 1.5) in pot experiments, and the biomass, relative anthocyanin concentration, chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity, proline content, antioxidase activity (including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase), malondialdehyde content, and membrane permeability were determined. With decreased pH value from simulated acid rain, the dry weight, relative anthocyanin concentration, chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity and CAT activity decreased. SOD activity showed a trend of initial increase and then decrease. Proline content, POD activity, MDA content and membrane permeability increased with decreasing pH value. An integrated analysis indicated that under simulated acid rain-induced pH values 5.6-3.5, the growth and antioxidant activity of Z. pendula was only slightly inhibited and there was no effect on ornamental quality; under a simulated acid rain-induced pH value 2.5, the inhibition effect on growth and antioxidant activity became heavier and there was a slight effect on ornamental quality; under simulated acid rain-induced stress of pH value 1.5, the inhibition effect was large and there were visible injury symptoms on leaves, with a sharp decline in ornamental quality.

中图分类号:

S685.170.34

张远兵,汪建飞,刘爱荣,夏海东. 模拟酸雨对吊竹梅生长及抗氧化能力的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2014, 23(5): 338-344.

ZHANG Yuan-bing,WANG Jian-fei,LIU Ai-rong,XIA Hai-dong. Effects of simulated acid rain on the growth and antioxidant activity of Zebrina pendula[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(5): 338-344.

参考文献

Reference:

[1] Menza F C, Seip H M. Acid rain in Europe and the United States: an update[J]. Environmental Science and Policy，2004, 7(4): 253-265.

[2] Feng Z W. Impacts and control strategies of acid deposition on terrestrial ecosystems in China[J]. Engineering Science, 2000, 2(9): 5-12.

[3] Wu d, Wang S G, Shang K Z. Progress in research of acid rain in China[J]. Arid Meteorology, 2006, 24(2): 70-77.

[4] Zhang Y, Liu L J. Distribution of acid rain and control strategies[J]. Shanxi Environment, 1998, 5(4): 39-40.

[5] Liu B. Formation,Harm and prevention of acid rain[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2001, 96(4): 21-23.

[6] Tian D L, Huang Z Y, Fu X P. Effects of simulated acid rain on mineral elements content in leaves of Cinnamomum camphora seedling in artificial potted environment[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2007, 27(3): 1099-1104. 

[7] Liu E U, Liu C P. Effects of simulated acid rain on the antioxidative system in Cinnamomum philippinense seedlings[J]. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2011, 215(1): 127-135.

[8] Zhao D, Pang Y Z, Deng S H, et al. Effects of simulated acid rain on physiological and ecological characteristics of Camellia sasanqua[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2010, 43(15): 3191-3198.

[9] Wang Y J, Deng S H, Jiang J, et al. Effecta of acid rain on photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activity of H. mitabilis L. seedlings[J]. Acta Agriculturae Nucleatae Sinica, 2011, 25(3): 588-593.

[10] Xiao Y, Huang J C, Liu S X, et al. Inhibitory effects of simulated acid rain on the growth of 12 garden plant species and their physiological response to it[J]. Journal of Southwest Agricultural University(Natural Science), 2004, 26(3): 270-273, 276.

[11] Wu X C, Lin W X, Hong Q P, et al. The influence of simulated acid-rain on some physiological indexes of turfgrass[J]. Pratacultural Science, 2004, 21(8): 88-92. 

[12] Tian R N, Zhang P D, Cheng C. Effect of simulated acid rain stress on germination of four turf grass seeds[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Science Edition), 2011, 35(5): 5-10.

[13] Zhang G S. Response of thirty species of herbaceous ornamental plants to simulated acid rain[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2007, 15(2): 104-107.

[14] Zhang G S, Liu Y, Zhou Q. Responses of 9 species of Herbaceous ornamental to acid rain in chlorophyll content and membrane permeability[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2006, 22(4): 83-87.

[15] Jiangsu Institute of Botany. Jiangsu Flora (on)[M]. Nanjing: Jiangsu People's Publishing House, 1977: 333-334. 

[16] Hao Q, Liu H Y, Liu R F, et al. Ornamental lawns hanging Zhu-mei and Veronica mix[J]. Journal of Shandong Forestry Science and Technology, 2006, 164(3): 61.

[17] Li F S. Preliminary of several ground cover plants alternative lawn is to change ground cover mode[J]. Forest Inventory and Planning, 2004, 29(supplement): 180-181. 

[18] Ma Y Z. Pigment content and anatomical structure of leaves of several species of red leafed plants[J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2009, 37(9): 51-53.

[19] Zhang D C, Zhu X L. Karyotype analysis of Zebrina pendula Schnizl[J]. Journal of Anhui Normal University(Natural Science), 1989, (4): 31-34.

[20] Lu J F. Comparative study on the stomatic distribution on plants Setereasea purpurea Boom, Zebrina pendula Schnizl and Commelina communis Linn.[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2000, 17(4): 375-380.

[21] Sun L, Zhao L Z, Wang Y, et al. Reproduction of hydroponic hanging Zhu-mei[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2006, 34(22): 5825, 5914.

[22] Shen F J, Chen Y J, Wang W, et al. Effect of shade on morphological and growth characteristics of six hanging plants[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University, 2009, 40(7): 28-33.

[23] Liu D, Shi B S, Wei W X. Effect of formaldehyde gas stress on morphology and partial physiological indexes of three ornamental plants[J]. Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei, 2011, 34(2): 66-70.

[24] Tan M Z, Yan W J. Analysis of characteristics of acid rain pollution in Anhui province[J]. Research of Enuironmental Sciences, 2001, 14(5): 13-16.

[25] Zhang Z L, Qu W J, Li X F. Plant physiology experimental guidance (4th Edition)[M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2009. 

[26] Chou H, Park J O. Mercury-induced oxidative stress in tomato seedlings[J]. Plant Science, 2000, 156(1): 1-9.

[27] Wang X K. Plant physiology and biochemistry experimental principles and techniques (2nd Edition)[M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2006.

[28] Hodges D M, DeLong J M, Forney C F, et al. Improving the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay for estimating lipid peroxidation inplant tissues containing anthocyanin and other interfering compounds[J]. Planta, 1999, 207(4): 604-611. 

[29] Kannangara C G. The Photosynthetic Apparatus[M]. California: Academic Press, 1991.

[30] Liu J X, Kuang Y C, Xiao S H. Effect of simulated acid rain on the physiological characteristics of seed-breeding Vetiveria zizanioides[J]. Acta Protaculture Sinica, 2005, 14(5): 54-58[31] Deckard E L, Lanbert R J. Nitrate reductase activity in corn leaves as related to yields of grain protein[J]. Crop Science, 1973, 13(4): 343-350.

[32] Zhang Z M, Wang S B, Dai L X, et al. Effects of nitrogen application rates on nitrogen metabolism and related enzyme activities of two different peanut cultivars[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2011, 44(2): 280-290.

[33] Xie H, Yang L, Li Z G. The roles of proline in the formation of plant tolerance to abiotic stress[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2011, (2): 23-27, 60.

[34] Bian C M, Wang J W. Alleviative effects of LaCl3 on simulated acid rain stresses for Cucurbita pepo seedlings[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2011, 17(4): 1030-1034.

[35] Ashraf M, Foolad M R. Roles of glycine betaine and proline in improving plant abiotic stress resistance[J]. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2007, 59(2): 206-216.

[36] Molinari H B C, Marur C J, Daros E, et al. Evaluation of the stress inducible production of proline in transgenic sugarcane (Saccharums pp.): osmotic adjustment, chlorophyll fluorescence and oxidative stress[J]. Physiology Plant, 2007, 130(2): 218-229.

[37] Yu S W, Tang Z C. Plant physiology and molecular biology (Second Edition)[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1998: 366-389.

[38] Wang L P, Sun J, Guo S R, et al. Salt stress tolerance of cucumber-grafted rootstocks[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2012, 23(5): 1311-1318.

参考文献：

[1] Menza F C, Seip H M. Acid rain in Europe and the United States: an update[J]. Environmental Science and Policy，2004, 7(4): 253-265.

[2] 冯宗炜. 中国酸雨对陆地生态系统的影响和防治对策[J]. 中国工程科学, 2000, 2(9): 5-12.

[3] 吴丹, 王式功, 尚可政. 中国酸雨研究综述[J]. 干旱气象, 2006, 24(2): 70-77.

[4] 张燕, 刘立进. 我国酸雨分布特征及控制对策[J]. 陕西环境, 1998, 5(4): 39-40.

[5] 刘彬. 酸雨的形成、危害及防治对策[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2001, 96(4): 21-23.

[6] 田大伦, 黄智勇, 付晓萍. 模拟酸雨对盆栽樟树幼苗矿质元素含量的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2007, 27(3): 1099-1104. 

[7] Liu E U, Liu C P. Effects of simulated acid rain on the antioxidative system in Cinnamomum philippinense seedlings[J]. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2011, 215(1): 127-135.

[8] 赵栋, 潘远智, 邓仕槐, 等. 模拟酸雨对茶梅生理生态特性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2010, 43(15): 3191-3198.

[9] 王应军, 邓仕槐, 姜静, 等. 酸雨对木芙蓉幼苗光合作用及抗氧化酶活性的影响[J]. 核农学报, 2011, 25(3): 588-593.

[10] 肖艳, 黄建昌, 刘少娴, 等. 模拟酸雨对12种园林植物的伤害及敏感性反应[J].西南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2004, 26(3): 270-273, 276.

[11] 吴杏春, 林文雄, 洪清培, 等. 模拟酸雨对草坪草若干生理指标的影响[J]. 草业科学, 2004, 21(8): 88-92. 

[12] 田如男, 张培东, 程澄. 模拟酸雨胁迫对4种草坪草种子萌发的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2011, 35(5): 5-10.

[13] 张广生. 30种草本观赏植物对模拟酸雨的反应[J]. 中国农业生态学报, 2007, 15(2): 104-107.

[14] 张光生, 刘英, 周青. 9 种草本观赏植物叶绿素含量和细胞膜透性对酸雨胁迫的响应[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2006, 22(4): 83-87.

[15] 江苏植物研究所. 江苏植物志(上)[M]. 南京: 江苏人民出版社, 1977: 333-334. 

[16] 郝芹, 刘海燕, 刘如芳, 等. 观赏草坪中吊竹梅与婆婆纳的搭配[J]. 山东林业科技, 2006, 164(3): 61.

[17] 李福寿. 几种地被植物替代草坪以改变地被模式初探[J]. 林业调查规划, 2004, 29(增刊): 180-181. 

[18] 马艳芝. 几种红色叶植物叶的色素质量分数和解剖结构[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2009, 37(9): 51-53.

[19] 张定成, 朱学玲. 吊竹梅的核型研究[J]. 安徽师大学报, 1989, (4): 31-34.

[20] 吕洪飞. 紫竹梅、吊竹梅和鸭跖草气孔分布与比较[J]. 植物学通报, 2000, 17(4): 375-380.

[21] 孙丽, 赵兰枝, 王瑶, 等. 吊竹梅水培繁殖研究[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2006, 34(22): 5825, 5914.

[22] 申凤娟, 陈雅君, 王巍, 等. 光照对6种室内垂吊花卉形态与生长的影响[J].东北农业大学学报, 2009, 40(7): 28-33.

[23] 刘栋, 史宝胜, 魏文欣. 甲醛气体胁迫对3种观赏植物的形态及部分生理指标的影响[J]. 河北农业大学学报, 2011, 34(2): 66-70.

[24] 檀满枝, 阎伍玖. 安徽省酸雨污染特征分析[J]. 环境科学研究, 2001, 14(5): 13-16.

[25] 张志良, 瞿伟菁, 李小方. 植物生理学实验指导(第4版)[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2009. 

[26] Chou H, Park J O. Mercury-induced oxidative stress in tomato seedlings[J]. Plant Science, 2000, 156(1): 1-9.

[27] 王学奎. 植物生理生化实验原理和技术(第2版)[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2006.

[28] Hodges D M, DeLong J M, Forney C F, et al. Improving the thiobarbituric acid-reactive-substances assay for estimating lipid peroxidation inplant tissues containing anthocyanin and other interfering compounds[J]. Planta, 1999, 207(4): 604-611. 

[29] Kannangara C G. The Photosynthetic Apparatus[M]. California: Academic Press, 1991.

[30] 刘金祥, 邝宴筹, 肖生鸿. 模拟酸雨对种子繁殖香根草生理特性的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2005, 14(5): 54-58

[31] Deckard E L, Lanbert R J. Nitrate reductase activity in corn leaves as related to yields of grain protein[J]. Crop Science, 1973, 13(4): 343-350.

[32] 张智猛, 万书波, 戴良香, 等. 施氮水平对不同花生品种氮代谢及相关酶活性的影响[J].中国农业科学, 2011, 44(2): 280-290.

[33] 谢虹, 杨兰, 李忠光. 脯氨酸在植物非生物胁迫耐性形成中的作用[J]. 生物技术通报, 2011, (2): 23-27, 60.

[34] 边才苗, 王锦文. 镧对西葫芦幼苗模拟酸雨胁迫的缓解效应[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2011, 17(4): 1030-1034.

[35] Ashraf M, Foolad M R. Roles of glycine betaine and proline in improving plant abiotic stress resistance[J]. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2007, 59(2): 206-216.

[36] Molinari H B C, Marur C J, Daros E, et al. Evaluation of the stress inducible production of proline in transgenic sugarcane (Saccharums pp.): osmotic adjustment, chlorophyll fluorescence and oxidative stress[J]. Physiology Plant, 2007, 130(2): 218-229.

[37] 余叔文, 汤章城. 植物生理学与分子生物学(第二版)[M].北京: 科学出版社, 1998: 366-389.

[38] 王丽萍, 孙锦, 郭世荣, 等. 黄瓜砧用白籽南瓜对不同盐胁迫的耐性评价[J]. 应用生态学报, 2012, 23(5): 1311-1318.