不同营养水平日粮对奶公牛直线育肥性能的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2015113

草业学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 273-279.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2015113

• 研究简报 • 上一篇

不同营养水平日粮对奶公牛直线育肥性能的影响

李妍¹, 李晓蒙², 李秋凤², 杜柳柳², 曹玉凤^2*, 于春起³, 王晓玲², 李建国², 高艳霞²

1.河北农业大学动物医学院,河北保定 071001;
2.河北农业大学动物科技学院,河北保定 071001;
3.河北福成五丰食品股份有限公司,河北三河 065200

收稿日期:2015-03-03 出版日期:2016-01-20 发布日期:2016-01-20
通讯作者: *通信作者Corresponding author. E-mail:cyf278@sohu.com
作者简介:李妍(1987-),女,河北栾城人,博士。E-mail:239662307@qq.com
基金资助:
国家现代农业(肉牛)产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-38)资助

Nutrition effects on growth of Holstein bulls

LI Yan¹, LI Xiao-Meng², LI Qiu-Feng², DU Liu-Liu², CAO Yu-Feng^{2, *}, YU Chun-Qi³, WANG Xiao-Ling², LI Jian-Guo², GAO Yan-Xia²

1.College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China;
2.College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China;
3.Fucheng Wufeng Food Limited Company, Sanhe 065200, China

Received:2015-03-03 Online:2016-01-20 Published:2016-01-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了研究不同能量和蛋白质水平日粮对奶公牛直线育肥性能的影响。选择4~5月龄左右、平均体重为121 kg的奶公犊36头,随机分成两组,试验Ⅰ组(饲喂低营养水平日粮)、试验Ⅱ组(饲喂高营养水平日粮),每组18头。试验期440 d。整个育肥试验以12月龄划分为前期和后期2个阶段。结果表明,整个育肥期,试验Ⅱ组的平均日增重比试验Ⅰ组提高了5.83%(P>0.05),料重比降低了3.11%(P>0.05)。试验Ⅱ组的粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、钙和磷的表观消化率较高,但是与试验Ⅰ组差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验Ⅱ组的谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、生长激素、甲状腺素含量比试验Ⅰ组显著提高了8.27%,13.85%,6.70% 和1.26%(P<0.05)。血清尿素氮含量降低了12.22%(P<0.01)。两个营养水平日粮对屠宰率、胴体产肉率和净肉率没有影响。随着营养水平的提高,pH、剪切力、蒸煮损失、失水率有下降的趋势,牛肉中的蛋白质和脂肪含量有上升的趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。与试验Ⅰ组相比,试验Ⅱ组的pH、剪切力、蒸煮损失和失水率分别降低了2.34%,12.97%,18.30%和3.38%,牛肉中粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量分别提高了4.95%和8.55%。养殖效益试验Ⅱ组比试验Ⅰ组多收入0.98元/(日·头),全期效益试验Ⅱ组比试验Ⅰ组多收入431.20元/头。因此,提高日粮的营养水平,可以促进奶公牛的生长、改善肉品质和增加经济效益。

Abstract:

The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effects of different dietary energy and protein levels on linear-fattening performance of Holstein bulls. Thirty six Holstein bulls (mean live weight 121 kg) aged 4-5 months were allocated into two equal groups; group I (low nutrition diet) and groupⅡ(high nutrition diet). The experimental period continued for 440 days. The average daily gain (ADG) of group Ⅱ was 5.83% higher (P>0.05) than that of group I, but the feed/gain ratio of group Ⅱ was 3.11% lower than that of group Ⅰ(P>0.05). There was no difference between group Ⅰ and Ⅱ in the apparent digestibility of crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, calcium and phosphorus. Glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, growth hormone and tetraiodothyronine in the blood of group Ⅱbulls were increased by 8.27%, 13.85%, 6.70% and 1.26% (P<0.05) compared with group I bulls, respectively. The amount of blood urea nitrogen was significantly decreased 12.22% (P<0.01). Nutrition level had no effect on the dressing percentage, carcass weight and net meat percentage. Compared with group I, pH, drop loss, shear force and dehydration rate of group Ⅱ were decreased by 2.34%, 12.97%, 18.30% and 3.38% at 72 h, respectively. The amount of crude protein and ether extract were increased by 4.95% and 8.55%. The economic advantage of group Ⅱ bulls was 0.98 yuan/(head·day) compared to group Ⅰ. The total benefit from group Ⅱbulls was 431.20 yuan/head. Increasing energy and protein levels in diets of young Holstien bulls promoted growth and meat quality and the economic outcomes.

李妍, 李晓蒙, 李秋凤, 杜柳柳, 曹玉凤, 于春起, 王晓玲, 李建国, 高艳霞. 不同营养水平日粮对奶公牛直线育肥性能的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2016, 25(1): 273-279.

LI Yan, LI Xiao-Meng, LI Qiu-Feng, DU Liu-Liu, CAO Yu-Feng, YU Chun-Qi, WANG Xiao-Ling, LI Jian-Guo, GAO Yan-Xia. Nutrition effects on growth of Holstein bulls[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2016, 25(1): 273-279.

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不同营养水平日粮对奶公牛直线育肥性能的影响

Nutrition effects on growth of Holstein bulls

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