土壤团聚体稳定性及有机碳组分对苜蓿种植年限的响应

doi:10.11686/cyxb2015585

草业学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (10): 40-47.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2015585

土壤团聚体稳定性及有机碳组分对苜蓿种植年限的响应

罗珠珠^{1, 2}, 李玲玲², 牛伊宁², 蔡立群^{1, 2}, 张仁陟², 谢军红²

1.甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,甘肃兰州730070;
2.甘肃省干旱生境作物学省部共建国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

收稿日期:2015-12-31 出版日期:2016-10-20 发布日期:2016-10-20
作者简介:罗珠珠(1979-),女,甘肃天水人,副教授,博士。E-mail:luozz@gsau.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41461067,31171513),国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B03),甘肃省科技计划项目(145RJZA208)和甘肃省财政厅高校基本科研业务费项目(037-041014)资助

Response of soil aggregate stability and soil organic carbon fractions to different growth years of alfalfa

LUO Zhu-Zhu^{1, 2}, LI Ling-Ling², NIU Yi-Ning², CAI Li-Qun^{1, 2}, ZHANG Ren-Zhi², XIE Jun-Hong²

1.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
2.Gansu Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received:2015-12-31 Online:2016-10-20 Published:2016-10-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过设置在陇中黄土高原半干旱区的长期定位试验,应用干筛法与湿筛法比较不同种植年限苜蓿地和农田土壤团聚体粒径分布、平均重量直径(mean weight diameter,MWD)以及团聚体破坏率(percentage of aggregate destruction,PAD)的差异,分析探讨了土壤团聚体稳定性与土壤有机碳组分之间的关系。结果表明,土壤机械稳定性团聚体粒径分布呈中间低两边高的“V”型,其中>5 mm和<0.25 mm的团聚体为优势粒径;土壤水稳性团聚体以<0.25 mm的团聚体为主,平均含量达90%以上。湿筛MWD仅在0~10 cm表层土中表现为不同种植年限苜蓿显著高于农田;PAD在0~30 cm土层表现为农田显著高于不同种植年限苜蓿,且随苜蓿种植年限的延长呈降低趋势。0~50 cm剖面不同深度土壤有机碳组分在处理间存在差异,其中总有机碳(total organic carbon,TOC)、重组有机碳(heavy fraction organic carbon,HFOC)和易氧化有机碳(readily oxidized organic carbon,ROOC)在0~10 cm土层均表现为12 a>10 a>农田>3 a,说明苜蓿对土壤表层有机碳组分的提高只有达到一定种植年限之后才产生效应。相关性分析表明,与土壤TOC相比,土壤轻组有机碳(light fraction organic carbon,LFOC)和ROOC与土壤水稳性团聚体粒级分布及稳定性指标之间的相关性更为显著,说明土壤活性有机碳组分对陇中黄土高原地区土壤团聚体稳定性的贡献率比土壤总有机碳更大。

Abstract: This study used dry and wet sieving methods to investigate the distribution and stability of soil aggregates, their mean weight diameter (MWD) and the percentage of aggregate destruction (PAD) in land that had been planted with alfalfa (Medicago sativa) for a range of different growth years (3, 10, and 12 years), and compares these results with those for cropland from a long-term experiment. The relationships between soil aggregates and both stability and soil organic carbon fractions were also studied. The results showed that soil aggregates had a “V”-shaped distribution under the different treatments. With dry sieving, the aggregates primarily involved small (<0.25 mm) and large (>5 mm) particle sizes, while with wet sieving they were dominated by <0.25 mm particles. The MWD of the alfalfa soils was significantly higher than that of the cropland soils at 0-10 cm depth. The PAD of alfalfa soils was significantly lower than that of cropland and it decreased with the increasing number of alfalfa growth years. Soil organic carbon fractions diverged greatly in the different treatments. The order of TOC (total organic carbon), HFOC (heavy fraction organic carbon) and ROOC (readily oxidized organic carbon) in 0-10 cm topsoil was 12 yrs>10 yrs>cropland>3 yrs, indicating that improvement in the organic carbon of alfalfa field topsoils is associated with the number of growth years. Correlation analysis returned the highest coefficients between water-stable aggregates and LFOC (light fraction organic carbon) and ROOC, suggesting that LFOC and ROOC rather than TOC play a vital role in maintaining soil aggregate stability on the Loess Plateau.

罗珠珠, 李玲玲, 牛伊宁, 蔡立群, 张仁陟, 谢军红. 土壤团聚体稳定性及有机碳组分对苜蓿种植年限的响应[J]. 草业学报, 2016, 25(10): 40-47.

LUO Zhu-Zhu, LI Ling-Ling, NIU Yi-Ning, CAI Li-Qun, ZHANG Ren-Zhi, XIE Jun-Hong. Response of soil aggregate stability and soil organic carbon fractions to different growth years of alfalfa[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2016, 25(10): 40-47.

参考文献

[1] Peng X H, Zhang B, Zhao Q G. A review on relationship between soil organic carbon pools and soil structure stability. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2004, 41(4): 618-623.
[2] Pinheiro E F M, Pereira M G, Anjos L H C. Aggregate distribution and soil organic matter under different tillage systems for vegetable crops in a Red Latosol from Brazil. Soil Tillage Research, 2004, 77(1): 79-84.
[3] Caravaca F, Lax A, Albaladejo J. Aggregate stability and carbon characteristics of particle-size fractions in cultivated and forested soils of semiarid Spain. Soil Tillage Research, 2004, 78(1): 83-90.
[4] Chen S, Yang F, Lin S, et al . Impact of land use patterns on stability of soil aggregates in red soil region of south china. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2012, 26(5): 211-216.
[5] Davidson E A, Ackeman I K. Changes in carbon inventories following cultivation of previously untilled soil. Biogeochemistry, 1993, 20: 161-193.
[6] Aguilar R, Kelly E F, Heil R D. Effects of cultivation on soils in northern Great Plains rangeland. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1988, 52: 1081-1085.
[7] Xu M G, Yu R, Wang B R. Labile organic matter and carbon management index red soil under long-term fertilization. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2006, 43(5): 273-279.
[8] Wu T Y, Schoenau J J, Li F M, et al . Effect of tillage and rotation on organic forms of chernozemic soils in Saskachwan. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2003, 166: 328- 335.
[9] Six J, Elliott E T, Paustian K. Soil macroaggregate turnover and microaggregate formation: A mechanism for C sequestration under no-tillage agriculture. Soil Biological Biochemistry, 2000, 32: 2099-2103.
[10] Luk H S. Soil erosion and land management in the Loess Plateau Region, North China. Chinese Geography and Environment, 1996, 3: 3-28.
[11] McCallum M, Connor D, O’Leary G. Water use by lucerne and effect on crops in the Victorian Wimmera. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 2001, 52: 193-201.
[12] Li L L, Huang G B, Zhang R Z, et al . Effects of lucerne removal time on soil water and productivity in a lucerne-wheat rotation on the western Loess Plateau. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2011, 37(4): 686-693.
[13] Luo Z Z, Niu Y N, Li L L, et al . Soil moisture and alfalfa productivity response from different years of growth on the Loess Plateau of central Gansu. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2015, 24(1): 31-38.
[14] Luo Z Z, Li L L, Niu Y N, et al . Soil dryness characteristics of alfalfa cropland and optimal growth years of alfalfa on the Loess Plateau of central Gansu. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2015, 26(10): 3059-3065.
[15] Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Soil Physical and Chemical Analysis[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 1978: 514-518.
[16] Lu R K. Soil Agricultural Chemical Analysis Methods[M]. Beijing: China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 1999: 111-119.
[17] Lefroy R D B, Blair G J, Strong W M, et al . Changes in soil organic matter with cropping as measured by organic carbon fractions and 13 C natural isotope abundance. Plant Soil, 1993: 155-156, 399-402.
[18] Janzen H H, Campbell C A, Brandt S A, et al . Light-fraction organic matter in soils from long-term crop rotations. Soil Society of American Journal, 1992, 56: 1799-1806.
[19] Gao F, Jia Z K, Han Q F, et al . Effects of different organic fertilizer treatments on distribution and stability of soil aggregates in the semiarid area of South Ningxia. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2010, 28(3): 100-106.
[20] Song L P, Luo Z Z, Li L L, et al . Effects of lucerne-crop rotation on soil physical properties in the semi-arid areas on the Loess Plateau. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2015, 24(7): 12-20.
[21] Rovira P, Valejo V R. Physical protection and biochemical quality of organic matter in Mediterranean calcareous forestry soil: a density fraction approach. Soil Biology Biochemistry, 2003, 35: 245-261.
[22] Rilling M C, Wright S F, Eviner V T. The role of arbuscular fungi and glomalin in soil aggregation: comparing effect of five plant species. Plant and Soil, 2002, 238: 325-333.
[23] Eynard A, Schumacher T E, Lindstrom M J, et al . Aggregate sizes and stability in cultivated south Dakota Prairie Ustolls and Usterts. Soil Science Society of American Journal, 2004, 68: 1360-1365.
[24] Barber S A. The influence of alfalfa, brome grass and corn on soil aggregation and crop yield. Soil Science of America Proceedings, 1959, 23: 258-259.
[25] Chen Z F, Shi D M, Xie J Q, et al . Aggregate stability of purple soil and its impacts on soil erosion of slope dry land. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2011, 44(13): 2721-2729.
[26] Christensen B T. Physical fractionation of soil and structural and functional complexity in organic matter turnover. European Journal of Soil Science, 2001, 52: 345-353.
[27] Franzluebbers A J, Arshad M A. Particulate organic carbon content and potential mineralization as affected by tillage and texture. Soil Science Society of American Journal, 1997, 61: 1382-1386.
[28] Carter M R, Gregorich E G, Angers D A, et al . Organic C and N storage, and organic C fractions, in adjacent cultivated and forested soils of eastern Canada. Soil Tillage Research, 1998, 47: 253-261.
[29] Jastrow J D. Soil aggregate formation and the accrual of particulate and mineral-associated organic matter. Soil Biological Biochemistry, 1996, 28: 665-676.
[30] Tisdall J M, Oades J M. Organic matter and water-stable aggregates in soils. Journal of Soil Science, 1982, 33: 141-163.
[31] 彭新华, 张斌, 赵其国. 土壤有机碳库与土壤结构稳定性关系的研究进展. 土壤学报, 2004, 41(4): 618-623.
[32] 陈山, 杨峰, 林杉, 等. 土地利用方式对红壤团聚体稳定性的影响. 水土保持学报, 2012, 26(5): 211-216.
[33] 罗珠珠, 牛伊宁, 李玲玲, 等. 陇中黄土高原不同种植年限苜蓿草地土壤水分及产量响应. 草业学报, 2015, 24(1): 31-38.
[34] 罗珠珠, 李玲玲, 牛伊宁, 等. 陇中黄土高原半干旱区苜蓿地土壤干燥化特征及适宜种植年限研究. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(10): 3059-3065.
[35] 中国科学院南京土壤研究所. 土壤理化分析[M]. 上海: 上海科技出版社, 1978: 514-518.
[36] 鲁如坤. 土壤农业化学分析方法[M]. 北京: 中国农业科技出版社, 1999: 111-119.
[37] 高飞, 贾志宽, 韩清芳, 等. 有机肥不同施用量对宁南土壤团聚体粒级分布和稳定性的影响. 干旱地区农业研究, 2010, 28(3): 100-106.
[38] 宋丽萍, 罗珠珠, 李玲玲, 等. 陇中黄土高原半干旱区苜蓿-作物轮作对土壤物理性质的影响. 草业学报, 2015, 24(7): 12-20.
[39] 陈正发, 史东梅, 谢均强, 等. 紫色土旱坡地土壤团聚体稳定性特征对侵蚀过程的影响. 中国农业科学, 2011, 44(13):2721-2729.

土壤团聚体稳定性及有机碳组分对苜蓿种植年限的响应

Response of soil aggregate stability and soil organic carbon fractions to different growth years of alfalfa

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 0

编辑推荐

Metrics