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草业学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (5): 198-204.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20130523

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

向日葵秸秆与全株玉米混合青贮饲料品质评定

于杰1,郑琛1,李发弟1,2*,郭艳丽1,赵栋1   

  1. 1.甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃 兰州 730070;
    2.甘肃省饲料工程技术研究中心,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 出版日期:2013-10-20 发布日期:2013-10-20
  • 通讯作者: E-mail:lifd@gsau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:于杰(1987-),男,山东潍坊人,在读硕士。
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃陇原中天生物工程股份有限公司研发项目(ZTSW-2009-002)和现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-39)资助。

An evaluation of mixed-ensiling sunflower straw and whole corn on silage quality

YU Jie1, ZHENG Chen1, LI Fa-di1, 2, GUO Yan-li1, ZHAO Dong1   

  1. 1.Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
    2.Gansu Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Online:2013-10-20 Published:2013-10-20

摘要: 试验采用单因素试验设计,以向日葵秸秆与全株玉米为原料,以不同比例混贮,通过感官评定及青贮饲料品质分析,研究调制青贮饲料时二者较为适宜的混合比例。将向日葵秸秆和全株玉米分别按照0∶10,4∶6,5∶5,6∶4,7∶3,8∶2,9∶1和10∶0的重量比混合调制青贮饲料。结果表明,向日葵秸秆虽是菊科牧草,但青贮后能得到良好青贮饲料,青贮以异型乳酸发酵(hererolactic fermentation)为主;向日葵秸秆与全株玉米混合青贮后,4∶6混合处理组青贮饲料干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)和粗脂肪(EE)含量极显著高于而粗灰分(Ash)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、钙(Ca)和磷(P)含量极显著低于向日葵秸秆青贮饲料(P<0.01);各处理组青贮饲料pH值均低于4.0,各混合处理组青贮饲料乳酸占总酸的百分比(LA/TA)、丙酸占总酸的百分比(PA/TA)较向日葵秸秆青贮饲料提高,乙酸占总酸的百分比(AA/TA)较向日葵秸秆青贮饲料降低,丁酸占总酸的百分比(BA/TA)没有检测到,在混合处理组,除4∶6混合处理组外,其余处理组青贮饲料氨态氮占总氮的百分比(NH3-N/TN)均低于向日葵秸秆青贮饲料。由此得出,全株玉米与向日葵秸秆混贮能有效提高向日葵秸秆青贮饲料的青贮品质。

Abstract: Different mixtures of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) straw and whole corn maize (Zea mays) were used in a single factor experiment. The sensory evaluation, nutrient content and fermentation quality of all treatments were determined and analyzed to assess the best ratio of sunflower straw and whole corn maize for mixed silage. Sunflower straw and whole corn maize were mixed in the following proportions by weight: 0∶10, 4∶6, 5∶5, 6∶4, 7∶3, 8∶2, 9∶1 and 10∶0. Sunflower straw could be ensiled successfully although it was a composite herbage and the primary fermentation was heterolactic fermentation; After ensiling sunflower straw and whole corn maize in the proportion of four to six, the contents of DM (dry matter), CP (crude protein) and EE (ethanol extract)in the mixed silage was significantly higher than that in the sunflower straw silage while the contents of Ash (crude ash)、NDF (neutral detergent fiber)、ADF (acid detergent fiber)、Ca and P was much lower (P<0.01). The pH value of all the mixed groups of silage was lower than 4; LA (lactic acid content)/TA (total acid) and PA (propionic acid)/TA ratios in all the mixed groups of silage were improved compared with sunflower straw silage while that of AA/TA was reduced; There was no BA (butyric acid)/TA in any of the mixed groups of silage. Of all the mixed treatment groups, NH3-N/TN (total N) was lower than that of the sunflower straw silage. It was concluded that sunflower straw and whole plant maize mix-ensiling improved the quality of sunflower straw silage.

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