添加乳酸菌和菠萝皮对柱花草青贮品质的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 柱花草是热带、亚热带的优质豆科牧草,蛋白含量高、营养品质好,为促进柱花草的加工利用,本试验研究了添加不同乳酸菌和菠萝皮对其青贮发酵品质和有氧稳定性的影响。青贮处理为CK(对照)、LQ(青贮宝)、LF(发酵乳杆菌)、LP(植物乳杆菌)、LS(鼠李糖乳杆菌)、B(20%菠萝皮)、BLQ(B+LQ)、BLF(B+LF)、BLP(B+LP)、BLS(B+LS)。添加处理后青贮60 d进行分析。结果表明,柱花草含有较少的可溶性碳水化合物和乳酸菌,自然青贮其pH超过5.0,发酵品质差;所有添加物都显著降低pH、增加乳酸含量(P＜0.05),明显改善了柱花草青贮料的发酵品质。单独添加菠萝皮的丁酸和NH₃-N含量显著高于所有单独添加乳酸菌(P＜0.05),pH与LP以外的其他3种乳酸菌差异不显著(P＞0.05)。除LP的乙酸含量较高,丁酸含量较低外,4种乳酸菌对其他各个发酵指标的影响没有显著差异(P＞0.05)。本试验所用4种乳酸菌与菠萝皮混合添加,都进一步改善了柱花草青贮料的发酵品质,特别是BLP的青贮效果最佳,其pH值、乙酸和NH₃-N含量低,乳酸含量及乳酸与乙酸比高。青贮袋开封后,包括对照在内的所有青贮料的有氧稳定性均较佳。

Abstract: Stylosanthes is a legume forage which has high protein content and good nutritional quality in tropical and subtropical areas. To promote the utilization of Stylosanthes, the effects of adding lactic acid bacteria and pineapple peel on the silage fermentation quality and aerobic stability were studied after 60 days storage. The experimental treatments were CK (no additive), LQ (commercial inoculant), LF (Lactobacillus fermentum), LP (L. plantarum), LS (L. rhamnosus), B (20% pineapple peel), BLQ (B+LQ), BLF (B+LF), BLP (B+LP), and BLS (B+LS). Stylosanthes silage had few water soluble carbohydrates and lactic acid bacteria, together with poor quality and a high pH (>5.0) when there were no additives. All the additives significantly reduced pH, increased lactic acid contents (P＜0.05), and considerably improved the silage fermentation quality compared with the control. The contents of butyric acid and NH₃-N in the silage with addition of pineapple peel only were significantly higher than those with only lactic acid bacteria added (P＜0.05). The pH was not significantly different from LQ, LF, and LS (P＞0.05). There were no significant differences between the four lactic acid bacterial treatments in any of the indices (P＞0.05) except that LP had a higher acetic acid content and lower butyric acid content than the others. Combining pineapple peel and any lactic acid bacteria improved the silage fermentation quality of Stylosanthes, especially for BLP, which had a lower pH, lower acetic acid and NH₃-N contents, higher lactic acid bacteria content and, higher ratio of lactic acid to acetic acid. All the silages including the control had good aerobic stability.

中图分类号:

S816.5⁺3

申成利,陈明霞,李国栋,张建国. 添加乳酸菌和菠萝皮对柱花草青贮品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2012, 21(4): 192-197.

SHEN Cheng-li, CHEN Ming-xia, LI Guo-dong, ZHANG Jian-guo. Effects of adding lactic acid bacteria and pineapple peel on Stylosanthes silage quality[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2012, 21(4): 192-197.

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