细叶鸢尾种子休眠原因及解除休眠的方法研究

草业学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (6): 109-117.

细叶鸢尾种子休眠原因及解除休眠的方法研究

张丹^1,2,张金政^1*,孙国峰¹,李晓东¹,何卿³

1.中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093;
2.中国科学院研究生院,北京100039;
3.国家知识产权局专利审查协作中心,北京100190

收稿日期:2010-08-23 出版日期:2011-06-25 发布日期:2011-12-20
通讯作者: E-mail:caohua@ibcas.ac.cn
作者简介:张丹(1985-),女,山东烟台人,在读硕士。E-mail:zd1985_0113@163.com
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新重要方向性项目(KSCX2-EW-B-2, KSCX2-EW-B-5)资助。

A study on the causes of Iris tenuifolin dormancy and the methods for breaking dormancy

ZHANG Dan^1,2, ZHANG Jin-zheng¹, SUN Guo-feng¹, LI Xiao-dong¹, HE Qing³

1.Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China;
2.Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China;
3.Patent Examination Collaborating Center, State Intellectual Property Office, Beijing 100190, China

Received:2010-08-23 Online:2011-06-25 Published:2011-12-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 细叶鸢尾种子存在休眠。通过种子的吸水性研究、切割处理、萌发抑制物测试等方法对其内在休眠原因进行了研究,并探讨了解除其休眠的方法,进一步分析休眠解除过程中种子内部产生的响应。结果表明,细叶鸢尾的离体胚不休眠,种皮和珠孔端胚乳均能显著抑制种子的萌发;种皮中存在萌发抑制物质,且为醇溶性的极性物质;浓硫酸处理60 min和变温层积(4℃/25℃)120和150 d均能有效打破其休眠,萌发率分别从0升至51.11%,36.67%,40.00%,发芽指数也提高为0.45,0.42和0.51,而低温层积150 d的萌发率仅为7.78%;变温层积过程中种子的珠孔端组织(种皮和胚乳)机械阻力的降低和胚生长势的增大是萌发率提高的根本原因。综合整个试验结果得出,细叶鸢尾种子属生理休眠,是由珠孔端组织的机械阻力和种皮中的萌发抑制物共同作用而成。

Abstract: The causes of Iris tenuifolin seed dormancy were studied by the hygroscopicity of seeds, different scarification treatments and germination inhibitor tests. The embryo was not responsible for dormancy, while the seed coats and micropylar endosperm played important roles in reducing germination percentage. Additionally in the seed coats, there were polar germination inhibitors which were soluble in methanol. Sulphuric acid treatment for 60 min or cold-warm stratification (4℃/25℃) for 120 or 150 d effectively promoted germination percentage, from 0 to 51.11%, 36.67% and 40.00%, respectively, and also increased the germination index to 0.45, 0.42 and 0.51. The germination percentage was only 7.78% if the seeds were stratified at 4℃ for 150 d. The main reason why cold-warm stratification was better for germination, was that the mechanical resistance to embryo growth was considerably reduced and the growth potential of embryos was considerably enhanced. In summary, the seed of I. tenuifolin has a physiological dormancy, which is caused by both the mechanical resistance of micropylar tissue and germination inhibitors in seed coats.

中图分类号:

S330.3

张丹,张金政,孙国峰,李晓东,何卿. 细叶鸢尾种子休眠原因及解除休眠的方法研究[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(6): 109-117.

ZHANG Dan, ZHANG Jin-zheng, SUN Guo-feng, LI Xiao-dong, HE Qing. A study on the causes of Iris tenuifolin dormancy and the methods for breaking dormancy[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(6): 109-117.

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