西北地区和尚头小麦遗传多样性及农艺性状的关联分析

doi:10.11686/cyxb2018124

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解西北地区和尚头小麦种质资源的遗传特性及主要农艺性状特征,采用43份不同来源的和尚头小麦种质材料,在均匀分布于小麦21条染色体上的150个SSR(simple sequence repeats)位点上检测遗传多样性,同时对19个农艺性状在两个试验点进行表型鉴定,并采用GLM(general linear model)模型进行分子标记与表型性状的关联分析。结果表明,19个农艺性状中数量性状遗传多样性明显高于质量性状,除壳色外,其他性状之间均存在不同程度的相关性。利用45对具有多态性的SSR标记共检测出151个等位变异,各标记等位位点变化范围为2~6,平均为3.36个,PIC(polymorphism information content)值变异范围为0.044~0.771。群体遗传结构分析将43份材料划分为8个亚群。关联分析发现11个SSR标记与农艺性状显著关联,单个标记对表型变异的解释率为8.89%~24.74%,这些标记可为特色小麦分子标记辅助选择育种提供理论参考。

关键词: 小麦, 遗传多样性, 分子标记, 关联分析

Abstract: Key aims of this study were: 1) to better understand the genetic structure of the Heshangtou wheat landrace from northwestern China, and 2) to explore the link between genetic markers and agronomic traits. A collection of 43 germplasm lines from different regions in northwest China was genetically characterized using 150 simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker loci, which were evenly distributed across the 21 chromosomes of wheat. Concurrently, 19 agronomic traits were recorded for the same germplasm lines at two test sites, and a general linear model (GLM) was used to analyze the association between molecular markers and phenotypic traits. A total of 151 allelic variants were detected using 45 pairs of polymorphic SSR markers. The number of alleles in each marker ranged from 2 to 6, with an average of 3.36, and the polymorphic information content (PIC) varied from 0.044 to 0.771. It was found that the genetic diversity among the 19 agronomic traits assessed in this way was significantly higher than that of quality traits. The agronomic traits (except for shell color) exhibited varying degrees of correlation. Population genetic structure analysis classified the 43 germplasm lines into 8 subgroups. Correlation analysis showed that 11 SSR markers were significantly associated with particular agronomic traits, and the extent to which phenotypic variation was explained by single markers ranged from 8.89%-24.74%. Some of the markers identified may be useful for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding.

Key words: wheat, genetic diversity, molecular markers, association analysis

张彦军, 苟作旺, 王兴荣, 李玥, 祁旭升. 西北地区和尚头小麦遗传多样性及农艺性状的关联分析[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(2): 142-155.

ZHANG Yan-jun, GOU Zuo-wang, WANG Xing-rong, LI Yue, QI Xu-sheng. An analysis of genetic diversity and linked agronomic traits of Heshangtou wheat in northwest China[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(2): 142-155.

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