水淹和密度配置对牛鞭草与狗牙根扦插苗光合作用的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2018134

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究狗牙根(C)与牛鞭草(H)当年生扦插苗在不同水淹地区较优的密度配置,于2016年4月29日在盆栽控制条件下设置3种不同水分条件(对照组—CK组、浅淹组—SF组、全淹组—TF组)、7种牛鞭草与狗牙根配置比例(每盆牛鞭草与狗牙根株数分别按2株进行递增与递减),具体配比分别为H₀C₁₂、H₂C₁₀、H₄C₈、H₆C₆、H₈C₄、H₁₀C₂和H₁₂C₀,对混植条件下牛鞭草与狗牙根在水淹环境中的生长及光合作用进行了比较研究。结果表明:水淹和密度配置对狗牙根、牛鞭草的净光合速率有极显著的影响(P<0.01)。CK条件下,牛鞭草在密度H₂C₁₀下的净光合速率显著高于牛鞭草单植条件下的净光合速率(P<0.05),狗牙根在混植条件下的净光合速率与单植相比显著降低(P<0.05);SF条件下,牛鞭草在密度H₈C₄下的净光合速率显著大于其他密度下的净光合速率,而狗牙根单植下的净光合速率与混植相比显著降低(P<0.05);与对照组相比,牛鞭草在TF组的净光合速率显著降低(P<0.05)。综合考虑混植体系的整体光合效率,建议在三峡库区无水淹地区混植牛鞭草与狗牙根的最佳密度配置为H₂C₁₀;在浅水淹地区,采取最佳密度配置为H₈C₄;在较低海拔的全淹地区,采取单植牛鞭草的方式将是更为理想的选择。

关键词: 牛鞭草, 狗牙根, 光合特性, 水淹, 密度配置

Abstract: This research aimed to investigate the photosynthetic responses of Cynodon dactylon and Hemarthria altissima under different flooding conditions and to identify a suitable planting pattern. On April 29, 2016, a pot experiment was set up with a replacement series design in which H. altissima (H) and C. dactylon (C) were planted at seven ratios (H₀C₁₂, H₂C₁₀, H₄C₈, H₆C₆, H₈C₄, H₁₀C₂, and H₁₂C₀) under three water treatments, including normal growth water condition (CK), flooding at 10 cm above the soil surface (SF) and flooding at 2 m above the soil surface (TF). The flooding and density treatments had significant (P<0.05) effects on net photosynthetic rate (P_n) of H. altissima and C. dactylon. Under the CK water treatment, the P_n of H. altissima with the H₂C₁₀ ratio was greater than that with the monoculture, and the P_n of C. dactylon significantly decreased under the mixed intercropping conditions when compared with that under the monoculture conditions (P<0.05). Under the SF treatment, the P_n of H. altissima with the H₈C₄ planting ratio was greater than that at other planting densities, while the P_n of C. dactylon in monoculture was lower than that achieved under mixed intercropping (P<0.05). Compared with the CK treatment, the P_n of H. altissima significantly decreased (P<0.05) under the TF water treatment regime. Taking photosynthetic efficiency of the two species into consideration, the results suggested that a mixed intercropping pattern with a planting ratio of H₂C₁₀ should be adopted in high-altitude areas where no water flooding occurs, and the H₈C₄ ratio should be adopted in areas where the soil surface is flooded. The monoculture of H₁2C₀ is the optimal choice for low-altitude areas where complete flooding often takes place.

Key words: Hemarthria altissima, Cynodon dactylon, photosynthetic characteristics, water stress, density

李晓雪, 李昌晓, 宋虹, 袁中勋. 水淹和密度配置对牛鞭草与狗牙根扦插苗光合作用的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(2): 197-206.

LI Xiao-xue, LI Chang-xiao, SONG Hong, YUAN Zhong-xun. Effects of flooding and planting density on the photosynthesis of Hemarthria compressa and Cynodon dactylon cottage seedlings[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(2): 197-206.

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