复合乳酸菌对全株玉米青贮及有氧暴露后微生物及饲料品质的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019581

草业学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (11): 83-90.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2019581

复合乳酸菌对全株玉米青贮及有氧暴露后微生物及饲料品质的影响

万学瑞¹, 豆思远², 李玉³, 何轶群¹, 王川¹, 张小丽¹, 雷赵民^4,*

1.甘肃农业大学动物医学院,甘肃兰州 730070;
2.甘肃省动物疫病预防控制中心,甘肃兰州 730046;
3.甘肃省畜牧技术推广总站,甘肃兰州 730030;
4.甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2019-12-31 修回日期:2020-02-11 出版日期:2020-11-20 发布日期:2020-11-20
通讯作者: *E-mail: leizm@gsau.edu.cn
作者简介:万学瑞(1979-),女,甘肃白银人,副教授,博士。 E-mail: 383921499@qq.com

Effect of lactic acid bacteria preparations on microbial population counts and silage quality in maize silage during fermentation and on aerobic exposure

WAN Xue-rui¹, DOU Si-yuan², LI Yu³, HE Yi-qun¹, WANG Chuan¹, ZHANG Xiao-li¹, LEI Zhao-min^4,*

1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
2. Gansu Provincial Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou 730046, China;
3. Gansu Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station, Lanzhou 730030, China;
4. College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received:2019-12-31 Revised:2020-02-11 Online:2020-11-20 Published:2020-11-20
Contact: *E-mail: leizm@gsau.edu.cn
Supported by:
甘肃农业大学兽医学省级特色学科开放课题(GSAU-XKJS-2018-071),甘肃省农业生物技术研究与应用开发项目(GNSW-2012-25),国家绒毛用羊产业技术体系岗位专家项目(CARS-39-18),甘肃省科技重大专项计划(17ZD2NC020),兰州市科技局重点项目(2012-2-159),甘肃省农业农村厅现代丝路寒旱农业专项(GSSLCSX-2020-1)和甘肃省高等学校产业支撑计划项目(2020C-08)资助

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨不同复合乳酸菌对全株玉米青贮及有氧暴露后青贮饲料中微生物数量及其发酵品质的影响,进一步筛选出可提高青贮饲料品质和有氧稳定性的复合乳酸菌接种剂,共设置3个不同组合乳酸菌分别添加全株玉米进行青贮,并设空白对照,测定青贮3、7、15和30 d,开袋有氧暴露1、3、7、15和30 d时微生物数量、发酵品质和营养成分的变化情况。结果表明,分别添加异型乳酸菌组合(Hetero)、同型乳酸菌组合(Homo)和同型+异型乳酸菌组合(Homo+Hetero)的各处理组均能有效地增加青贮过程和有氧暴露后饲料中乳酸菌的数量、乳酸(LA)和乙酸(AA)的含量,减少好氧细菌、酵母菌和霉菌数量,降低pH和氨态氮(NH₃-N)含量,减少粗蛋白(CP)损失,显著改善青贮饲料发酵品质,抑制青贮饲料有氧暴露后的二次发酵,其中Homo+Hetero效果最好,Homo处理组好于Hetero处理组。

关键词: 全株玉米, 微生物数量, 复合乳酸菌, 青贮品质

Abstract: This research investigated the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) preparations on microbial population counts and silage quality of whole maize silage during fermentation and on aerobic exposure after fermentation. The aim was to test if inoculation with LAB preparations can improve silage quality and aerobic stability. Three different LAB preparations [Homofermentative (Homo), Heterofermentative (Hetero), combined Homo+Hetero] were added to whole maize during ensiling. A blank control treatment was also included. Data on microbial population count, fermentation quality and nutrient contents of silage were evaluated during fermentation at 3, 7, 15, and 30 days after ensiling, and on completion of fermentation, after 1, 3, 7, 15 and 30 days of aerobic exposure. It was found that both during maize silage fermentation and during subsequent aerobic exposure, the LAB population counts, the lactic and acetic acid concentrations were significantly increased compared with the blank control treatment, while the numbers of aerobic bacteria, yeasts and molds and crude protein loss were significantly reduced and the concentrations of NH₃-N and the pH were obviously reduced by addition of the three LAB preparations. These results indicate that LAB preparations improve maize silage nutritional quality and inhibit secondary fermentation after aerobic exposure. The combination treatment Homo+Hetero performed best, and Homo performed better than Hetero.

Key words: whole corn, microbial number, lactic acid bacterial compound, ensiling quality

万学瑞, 豆思远, 李玉, 何轶群, 王川, 张小丽, 雷赵民. 复合乳酸菌对全株玉米青贮及有氧暴露后微生物及饲料品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(11): 83-90.

WAN Xue-rui, DOU Si-yuan, LI Yu, HE Yi-qun, WANG Chuan, ZHANG Xiao-li, LEI Zhao-min. Effect of lactic acid bacteria preparations on microbial population counts and silage quality in maize silage during fermentation and on aerobic exposure[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(11): 83-90.

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复合乳酸菌对全株玉米青贮及有氧暴露后微生物及饲料品质的影响

Effect of lactic acid bacteria preparations on microbial population counts and silage quality in maize silage during fermentation and on aerobic exposure

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