5株乳酸菌复合物与CaCO3,酶及尿素不同组合对全株玉米青贮品质影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2017115

草业学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 90-97.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2017115

5株乳酸菌复合物与CaCO₃,酶及尿素不同组合对全株玉米青贮品质影响

王建福¹, 雷赵民¹, 万学瑞², 姜辉¹, 李洁¹, 吴建平^1,*

1.甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州 730070;
2.甘肃农业大学动物医学院,甘肃兰州 730070;

收稿日期:2017-03-15 修回日期:2017-05-09 出版日期:2018-03-20 发布日期:2018-03-20
通讯作者: * E-mail: wujp@gsagr.ac.cn
作者简介:王建福(1982-),男,河南商丘人,讲师,博士。E-mail: wangjf@gsau.edu.cn
基金资助:
农业部公益性行业科研专项(20130305907),农业部公益性行业科研专项(201503134),兰州市科技局科技计划项目(农业科技攻关; 2012-2-159),甘肃省农业生物技术研究与应用开发项目(GNSW. 2012-25),甘肃省科技重大专项(143NKDC017),甘肃省科技重大专项(17ZD2NC020)和甘肃省农牧厅秸秆饲料化利用研究专项([2016]269号)资助

Effects on the quality of corn silage, of 5 strains of lactic acid bacteria with different combinations of added CaCO₃, enzyme and urea

WANG Jian-fu¹, LEI Zhao-min¹, WAN Xue-rui², JIANG Hui¹, LI Jie¹, WU Jian-ping^1,*

1.College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
2.College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;

Received:2017-03-15 Revised:2017-05-09 Online:2018-03-20 Published:2018-03-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨前期筛选出的5株对好氧细菌、酵母菌和霉菌具有优良抑菌活性乳酸菌的复合物及其与CaCO₃、酶及尿素不同组合对全株玉米青贮发酵品质及营养成分的影响,进一步筛选优质复合青贮生物制剂,共设置7个不同组合添加物进行全株玉米青贮,并设空白对照组,测定青贮3、10和30 d时其发酵品质和营养成分的变化情况。结果表明,添加5株乳酸菌混合剂有提高全株玉米青贮发酵品质和营养品质的趋势;同时添加CaCO₃和复合乳酸菌能进一步增加青贮饲料的乳酸(LA)和乙酸(AA)产量,尤其是AA产量,防止pH值过分降低,也有提高青贮营养品质的趋势;同时添加尿素和复合乳酸菌能进一步提高青贮的AA和氨态氮的含量,防止pH值过分降低,显著提高粗蛋白(CP)含量,从而提高青贮营养品质;纤维素酶和淀粉酶复合物可以提高发酵产物的水溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量及LA和AA产量,改善青贮发酵品质;复合CaCO₃、尿素、纤维素酶、淀粉酶和复合乳酸菌的添加对提高全株玉米青贮的发酵品质和营养品质的效果最好;全株玉米青贮发酵品质和营养品质在前3 d变化最快,发酵不同阶段不同添加组合的变化不尽一致。

Abstract: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have the ability to suppress aerobic bacteria, yeast and fungi during forage fermentation. The effects of 5 LAB strains on fermentation quality and nutritive value of corn silage were evaluated at days 3, 10 and 30 after being ensiled. LAB strains were combined with CaCO₃, an enzyme formulation, and urea in 7 different treatment combinations, with 1 additional blank control treatment. The results show that a mixture of the 5 LAB strains increased the fermentation quality and nutritive value of whole corn crop silage. The addition of CaCO₃ with lactic acid bacterial compounds further increased the lactic acid (LA) and acetic acid (AA) levels, especially AA. This fermentation pattern is linked to avoidance of excessively low pH and improvement of the silage nutritional quality. A treatment combination of urea and LAB also increased the AA, NH₃-N and crude protein (CP) contents, again indicating prevention of excessively low pH and improved silage nutritional quality. A treatment combination of cellulase and amylase with LAB compound improved the quality of silage by increasing the production of water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), LA and AA. A treatment combination of CaCO₃, urea, cellulose and amylase with LAB gave the best overall results, in terms of fermentation and nutritional quality of corn silage. The values for measures of silage fermentation quality and nutritive value changed rapidly in first 3 days of fermentation, and followed a different time course for the different additives.

王建福, 雷赵民, 万学瑞, 姜辉, 李洁, 吴建平. 5株乳酸菌复合物与CaCO₃,酶及尿素不同组合对全株玉米青贮品质影响[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(3): 90-97.

WANG Jian-fu, LEI Zhao-min, WAN Xue-rui, JIANG Hui, LI Jie, WU Jian-ping. Effects on the quality of corn silage, of 5 strains of lactic acid bacteria with different combinations of added CaCO₃, enzyme and urea[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(3): 90-97.

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5株乳酸菌复合物与CaCO₃,酶及尿素不同组合对全株玉米青贮品质影响

Effects on the quality of corn silage, of 5 strains of lactic acid bacteria with different combinations of added CaCO₃, enzyme and urea

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