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草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 159-169.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020071

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

利用尼龙袋法比较3个全株玉米品种青贮前后肉牛瘤胃降解特性

刘桃桃1(), 王思伟2(), 李秋凤1(), 曹玉凤1(), 王昆2(), 王丽娟3, 沈宜钊1, 孙雪丽1, 张美琦1, 闫金玲1, 李建国1, 高艳霞1, 王美美1   

  1. 1.河北农业大学动物科技学院,河北 保定 071000
    2.河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所,河北 石家庄 050035
    3.河北省农业农村厅,河北 石家庄 050035
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-21 修回日期:2020-05-07 出版日期:2021-01-20 发布日期:2021-01-08
  • 通讯作者: 李秋凤,曹玉凤,王昆
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: kunwl@126.com
    Corresponding author. E-mail: cyf278@126.com
    Corresponding author. E-mail: lqf582@126.com
    刘桃桃(1994-),女,河北衡水人,在读硕士。E-mail: lttao5987@163.com
    王思伟,女,河北石家庄人,硕士。E-mail: 972566996@qq.com.第一联系人:共同第一作者These authors contributed equally to this work.
  • 基金资助:
    河北省现代农业科技创新工程(19226615D);河北省重点研发计划(19226616D);河北省二期现代农业产业技术体系肉牛创新团队高效养殖岗位建设项目(HBCT2018130202);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-37)

Ruminal degradation characteristics of whole maize plant material before and after ensiling in beef cattle as determined in situ using the nylon bag method

Tao-tao LIU1(), Si-wei WANG2(), Qiu-feng LI1(), Yu-feng CAO1(), Kun WANG2(), Li-juan WANG3, Yi-zhao SHEN1, Xue-li SUN1, Mei-qi ZHANG1, Jin-ling YAN1, Jian-guo LI1, Yan-xia GAO1, Mei-mei WANG1   

  1. 1.College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000 China
    2.Insiences of Cereal and Oil Crops,Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Science,Shijiazhuang 050035,China
    3.Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050035,China
  • Received:2020-02-21 Revised:2020-05-07 Online:2021-01-20 Published:2021-01-08
  • Contact: Qiu-feng LI,Yu-feng CAO,Kun WANG

摘要:

本试验旨在利用尼龙袋法比较不同品种全株玉米青贮前后瘤胃降解特性的差异。试验采用2×3双因素试验设计,选择玉米7367号、玉米7377号、玉米7387号3个全株玉米品种为研究对象,采用尼龙袋法比较3种全株玉米青贮前和青贮后的营养成分和瘤胃降解特性,旨在探讨适合河北省种植的全株玉米青贮品种。结果表明:1)青贮前玉米7377的粗蛋白(CP)和非蛋白氮(NPN)含量显著高于玉米7367和玉米7387(P<0.05);玉米7677和玉米7377的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量显著低于玉米7387(P<0.05);玉米7677的酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量显著低于玉米7377和玉米7387(P<0.05)。与青贮前同品种全株玉米相比,3种全株玉米青贮后的CP、粗脂肪(EE)、粗灰分(Ash)、钙(Ca)、磷(P)、NPN含量显著提高(P<0.05),NDF含量显著下降。玉米7367青贮的CP和NPN含量显著高于玉米7377青贮和7387青贮(P<0.05);玉米7677青贮和7377青贮的NDF和ADF含量显著低于玉米7387青贮(P<0.05)。2)不同品种全株玉米青贮前的DM、CP、NDF、ADF瘤胃降解率有显著差异,玉米7367的干物质(DM)和NDF有效降解率显著高于玉米7377和玉米7387(P<0.05);玉米7377的CP有效降解率显著高于玉米7367和玉米7387(P<0.05)。青贮处理能显著提高3种全株玉米DM、CP、NDF和ADF的快速降解部分(P<0.05),降低其慢速降解部分(P<0.05),显著提高其有效降解率(P<0.05)。玉米7367青贮的DM、CP、NDF、ADF有效降解率显著高于玉米7377和玉米7387(P<0.05)。综合表明青贮处理能很好地保存3种全株玉米的营养成分,显著提高DM、CP、NDF和ADF的瘤胃降解率;玉米7367青贮前和青贮后的营养成分和瘤胃降解率显著高于玉米7377和玉米7387,在本试验中是比较适合河北省种植的全株玉米青贮品种。

关键词: 全株玉米, 营养成分, 尼龙袋法, 瘤胃降解特性

Abstract:

The overall aim of this research was to identify suitable varieties of corn to use as feed for cattle in Hebei Province. Therefore, we determined the rumen degradation characteristics in situ in beef cattle, by the nylon bag method of whole maize plant material before and after ensiling. A 2×3 two-factor experimental design was used, with three varieties of maize: 7367, 7377, and 7387. The nutrient composition and ruminal degradation characteristics of whole maize plant material before and after ensiling were determined using the nylon bag method. The main results were as follows: 1) Before ensiling, the contents of crude protein (CP) and non-protein nitrogen (NPN) were higher in 7377 than in 7367 and 7387 (P<0.05), and the contents of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were lower in 7367 and 7377 than in 7387 (P<0.05). The acid detergent fiber (ADF) content was lower in 7367 than in 7377 and 7387 (P<0.05). Comparing silage made from each maize variety with the fresh material of the same variety, the contents of CP, ether extract (EE), crude ash (Ash), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and NPN were increased in silages of all three maize varieties (P<0.05), while the NDF contents were decreased (P<0.05). The contents of CP and NPN were higher in 7367 silage than in 7377 silage and 7387 silage (P<0.05), and the contents of NDF and ADF were lower in 7367 silage and 7377 silage than in 7387 silage (P<0.05). 2) Before ensiling, the ruminal degradability of dry matter (DM), CP, NDF, and ADF differed significantly among the three maize varieties. The ruminal degradability of DM and NDF was higher in 7367 than in 7377 and 7387 (P<0.05). The ruminal degradability of CP was significantly higher in 7377 than in 7367 and 7387 (P<0.05). Ensilage significantly increased the proportions of rapidly degraded DM, CP, NDF, and ADF in all three maize varieties (P<0.05). In each maize variety, ensilage increased the proportion of rapidly degraded DM, CP, NDF and ADF (P<0.05) and decreased the slowly degraded proportions of these nutritional factors (P<0.05). For each maize variety, the ruminal effective digestibility of DM, CP, NDF, and ADF were higher in silage than in fresh whole plant material (P<0.05). The ruminal degrade ability of DM, CP and NDF and ADF was higher in 7367 silage than in 7377 silage and 7387 silage. The results show that ensilage can preserve the nutrient composition of these three maize varieties, and significantly improve ruminal degradation characteristics of DM, CP, NDF, and ADF. The nutritional status and ruminal degradation characteristics before and after ensilage were better in 7367 than in 7377and 7387. Thus, 7367 is the better variety to grow as feed for cattle in Hebei Province.

Key words: whole-plant corn, nutrient composition, nylon bags method, ruminal degradation characteristics