草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (10): 26-40.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021079
张桐瑞(), 李富翠(), 韩烈保, 陈雨峰, 宋桂龙, 张亚楠, 陈佳宝, 唐斌, 窦玮豪
收稿日期:
2021-03-01
修回日期:
2021-05-06
出版日期:
2021-09-16
发布日期:
2021-09-16
通讯作者:
李富翠
作者简介:
Corresponding author. E-mail: li_fucui043@126.com基金资助:
Tong-rui ZHANG(), Fu-cui LI(), Lie-bao HAN, Yu-feng CHEN, Gui-long SONG, Ya-nan ZHANG, Jia-bao CHEN, Bin TANG, Wei-hao DOU
Received:
2021-03-01
Revised:
2021-05-06
Online:
2021-09-16
Published:
2021-09-16
Contact:
Fu-cui LI
摘要:
为研究践踏对草垫式混合草坪草质量和根系生长的影响,本研究以多年生黑麦草品种‘名仕’为研究材料,以无草垫处理为对照,通过践踏器模拟研究轻度、中度和重度践踏条件,进行为期4周的践踏处理,以此研究两种草垫对不同人造-天然混合草坪的坪观质量、生长特性和运动质量的影响。结果表明:在践踏条件下,草垫式混合草坪的色泽、盖度和坪观质量等综合表现优于天然草坪,且践踏强度越大差异越明显,其中在践踏4周后的重度践踏条件下,两个草垫试验组分别比对照组的色泽提高了45.5%和39.0%,盖度分别比对照组提高了136.4%和150.0%。在践踏处理下,草垫减缓了草坪的损伤程度,对草坪草地上和地下部分的生长起到了保护作用,对践踏具有缓冲作用,践踏4周后无背衬试验组的根长在轻度、中度和重度践踏下分别比对照组提高了105.3%、239.1%和152.6%。草垫在践踏胁迫下对草坪草生长起到了较为明显的保护作用,增加草坪的扭动摩擦,降低了摔倒的风险,但草垫增加了草坪的表面硬度和坪床紧实度,使得头部损伤风险加大,其中有背衬结构的风险较大。因此在草垫式混合草坪的使用中要采取适宜的养护措施,避免硬度过高带来风险。
张桐瑞, 李富翠, 韩烈保, 陈雨峰, 宋桂龙, 张亚楠, 陈佳宝, 唐斌, 窦玮豪. 践踏对草垫式人造-天然混合草坪质量的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(10): 26-40.
Tong-rui ZHANG, Fu-cui LI, Lie-bao HAN, Yu-feng CHEN, Gui-long SONG, Ya-nan ZHANG, Jia-bao CHEN, Bin TANG, Wei-hao DOU. Effects of trampling intensity on the quality of artificial carpet hybrid turf[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(10): 26-40.
草垫种类 Carpet types | 草丝部分Fiber | 草垫部分 Carpet | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
高度 Height (mm) | 宽度 Width (mm) | 间距 Space (mm×mm) | 单股针数 Stiches’ number | 密度 Density (No·m-2) | 垫层结构 Carpet structure | 背衬结构 Backing structure | 网孔间距 Mesh space (mm×mm) | |
A | 50 | 1.1±0.1 | 150×150 | 3 | 53000 | 弹性编织型垫层Elastic woven | 无No | 10×10 |
C | 50 | 1.1±0.1 | 200×125 | 3 | 48000 | 无弹性垫层Inelastic woven | 有Yes | <1×1 |
表1 网垫产品参数
Table 1 Carpet information
草垫种类 Carpet types | 草丝部分Fiber | 草垫部分 Carpet | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
高度 Height (mm) | 宽度 Width (mm) | 间距 Space (mm×mm) | 单股针数 Stiches’ number | 密度 Density (No·m-2) | 垫层结构 Carpet structure | 背衬结构 Backing structure | 网孔间距 Mesh space (mm×mm) | |
A | 50 | 1.1±0.1 | 150×150 | 3 | 53000 | 弹性编织型垫层Elastic woven | 无No | 10×10 |
C | 50 | 1.1±0.1 | 200×125 | 3 | 48000 | 无弹性垫层Inelastic woven | 有Yes | <1×1 |
类型 Types | 粒径 Particle size (mm) | 含量 Content (%) |
---|---|---|
粗砾Fine gravel | >2.0 | 0.4 |
极粗砾Very coarse sand | 1.0~2.0 | 1.0 |
粗砂Coarse sand | 0.5~1.0 | 7.8 |
中砂Medium sand | 0.25~0.50 | 28.5 |
细沙Fine sand | 0.10~0.25 | 56.5 |
粉粒 Silt | <0.1 | 5.8 |
表2 粒径分析表
Table 2 Analysis of particle size
类型 Types | 粒径 Particle size (mm) | 含量 Content (%) |
---|---|---|
粗砾Fine gravel | >2.0 | 0.4 |
极粗砾Very coarse sand | 1.0~2.0 | 1.0 |
粗砂Coarse sand | 0.5~1.0 | 7.8 |
中砂Medium sand | 0.25~0.50 | 28.5 |
细沙Fine sand | 0.10~0.25 | 56.5 |
粉粒 Silt | <0.1 | 5.8 |
图2 践踏处理对草垫式混合草坪色泽的影响不同小写字母表示不同混合草坪在同一践踏处理下差异显著(P<0.05),不同大写字母表示同一混合草坪在不同践踏处理下差异显著(P<0.05)。横坐标中W表示无践踏,L表示轻度践踏,M表示中度践踏,H表示重度践踏。下同。Different small letters indicate significant difference among different hybrid turf on the same trampling stress at 0.05 level; different letters indicate significant difference among the same hybrid turf on different trampling stress at 0.05 level; “W”indicates without trampling, “L”indicates light trampling, “M”indicates middle trampling,“H”indicates heavy trampling. The same below.
Fig.2 Effect of trampling stress on color of carpet hybrid turf
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