Abstract: Combining Terra/MODIS vegetation index products MOD13A3 and field surveying data from 2005-2006, remote sensing inversion models of grassland aboveground biomass (GAB) and vegetation coverage (VC) in Qinghai Province were established. They were used to separately simulate and analyze the monthly and annual dynamic changes of biomass and vegetation coverage during 2001-2010 in rodent infested regions, harmful regions and rodent-free regions in the study area. Rodents had a significant influence on grassland productivity in the study area. 1) An exponential model of MODIS-EVI (enhanced vegetation index) and a logarithmic model were the optimal models to estimate the green yield of GAB and VC, respectively and had a precision of 70.18% and 77.43%, respectively. 2) The GAB and VC for different types of grasslands in the study area decreased with the aggravation of rodent pests, especially in July and August of each year, and this tendency remained stable during the whole study period.