Abstract: The fruit structures of the sections Eleganitia, Bracteolata, Oreoselinum, and Selinoides in the genus Peucedanum were deeply studied in the paper. The results show that fruits of the genus usually have single cellular trichome. The median and lateral ribs are usually not prominent, but marginal ribs form wings. The small rib duct occurs in many taxa. Vittae are present in the furrow (1-4) and commisure (2-14), and short and drowf vittae are observed in some species. The commisure is as wide as the mericarp width and with two opposite carpophores. The endosperm is often flat at the commissural side. The spherical crystals occur in the mesocarp. The fruit structures are similar in different sections and the Peucedanum should be a more natural group, and the further study is needed to know if the genus should be divided into sections. The fruits of Peucedanum terebinthaceum differ from the other taxa, which have thick marginal wings and large vascular bundles, and it is supported here that the molecular research moved the Peucedanum terebinthaceum out from the genus.