Abstract: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between dry matter (DM) yield and agronomic traits of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor cv. ‘Hunnigreen’) using correlation and path coefficient analysis under different rates of nitrogen (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 kg N/ha). The experiment was set up in eastern China during 2009-2010 and 7 agronomic traits of sorghum were evaluated. Results showed that DM yield was positively correlated (P<0.01) with plant height (r=0.921^**), leaf area index (LAI, r=0.865^**) and stem diameter (SD, r=0.758^**). Plant height and LAI produced the strongest path coefficient (P=0.638, P=0.391) for DM yield. Plant height was the best indicator of DM yield using stepwise regression analysis. The contribution of stem∶leaf ratio (S∶L ratio) and LAI to DM yield differed under different rates of N fertilizer. S∶L ratio and LAI had positive path coefficient (P=0.925, P=0.162) for DM yield under lower N fertilizer rate (0, 100 kg N/ha). LAI had a positive path coefficient (P=0.797) for DM yield under intermediate N fertilizer rates (200, 300 kg N/ha), but had a negative path coefficient for DM yield under higher N fertilizer rates (400, 500 kg N/ha). The Effect of S∶L ratio on DM yield decreased with increasing N rate. DM yield was highest at N rates of 200-400 kg N/ha. Plant population was important for higher DM yield at higher rates of N fertilizer. Under lower N fertilizer rates, harvest date was a key issue in terms of the trade-off between DM yield and nutritive value of sweet sorghum.