Effects of Chromium stress on physiological and ecophysiological characteristics of male and female plants of Humulus scandens

doi:10.11686/cyxb2015436

Abstract

Abstract:

This paper studied the differences of sex-specific and photophysiological characteristics of male and female plants of Humulus scandens exposed to chromium (0, 50, 200 and 300 mg Cr³⁺/kg soil). The results showed: 1) the net photosynthetic rate (P_n), chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, root fresh weight and stem length were greater in the females than males for the plants grown under 0 mg/kg (control), but the chlorophyll and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were lower for females than for the males. 2) Compared with control plants, P_n was significantly increased in the 50 mg/kg Cr³⁺ treatment for both male and female plants, but chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were significantly decreased by Cr³⁺ in male plants and the value of other photophysiological indexes and plant growth were slightly increased by Cr³⁺, while Cr³⁺ had no effect on the value of photophysiological indexes and growth of female plants. The value of P_n and the MDA concentration were similar to those of control plants in 200 mg/kg Cr³⁺ treatment, but the root fresh weight and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were significantly lower than for control plants. However, the 300 mg/kg Cr³⁺ treatment significantly inhibited both of the male and female plants, and in this treatment P_n was significantly decreased (especially in male plants; females demonstrated enhanced ability to repair damage) compared to control plants, and all of the above-mentioned indexes and parameters were also significantly lower than control plants. 3) Overall, P_n of male and female plants first increased and then decreased with Cr³⁺ exposure time, while stem length, root fresh weight and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were directly decreased, and MDA content and the apparent electron transport rate (E_TR) were promoted. However, the chlorophyll content of males decreased with increasing Cr³⁺ concentration, but there was no significant decrease in chlorophyll content and photosystem II reaction centers for the female plants. In summary, P_n was increased by low Cr³⁺ concentration and inhibited by higher Cr³⁺ both in male and female plants. The plants demonstrated self-protective physiological response mechanisms. This was especially true for the female plants, which have a more flexible response strategy with higher tolerance capacity.

WANG Bi-Xia, XIAO Juan, FENG Xu, GAN Li-Fen, TANG Ya. Effects of Chromium stress on physiological and ecophysiological characteristics of male and female plants of Humulus scandens[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2016, 25(7): 131-139.

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