Abstract: There are many commercial cultivars and wild germplasms of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), an important cool-season turfgrass widely cultivated in temperate regions worldwide. In this study, 72 Kentucky bluegrass materials from China and elsewhere were collected and evaluated at the seedling stage by recording plant height, number of tillers, leaf width, and leaf color. All these traits differed significantly among the germplasms. Polymorphic bands were amplified from these germplasms by using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers. A total of 115 polymorphic bands (91%) was generated using 20 RAPD primers. The dendrogram grouped these germplasms into two main clusters. The first cluster contained four domestic varieties (‘KBG04’, ‘KBG03’, ‘Huhe 2’, and ‘Zahe’), while the second cluster contained the other varieties. The second group had a higher genetic similarity coefficient, and was divided into three subgroups: GroupⅠ consisting mainly of imported varieties, and Group Ⅱ and Group Ⅲ with mainly wild germplasms. The clustering analysis based on the RAPDs data was partly consistent with the source of the materials, but there was no correlation with seedling phenotypic traits.