Antioxidant capacity, bioactive compounds, and volatile constituents of flowers of Hypericum perforatum at different harvest stages

doi:10.11686/cyxb2016484

Abstract

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant capacity and the contents of total flavonoids, phenolics, and hypericin in Hypericum perforatum flowers at different harvest stages (bud stage, blooming stage, fruit stage). Flowers at each stage were extracted in 70% ethanol, and the extracts were subjected to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The I% (inhibition percentage) and FRAP (ferric reducing/antioxidant power) values were significantly higher at the bud and blooming stages than at the fruit stage, but did not differ significantly between the bud and blooming stages. The contents of total flavonoids, phenolics, and hypericin differed significantly among stages, with the highest contents at the blooming stage, followed by the bud stage, and then the fruit stage. Thirty-seven compounds were separated and identified in the 70% ethanol extracts from flowers at the blooming stage. The main components were 1,1-diethoxy-ethane (19.26%), 1-hexadecanol (17.85%), β-ylangene (10.71%), (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoyl chloride (8.42%), hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester (8.40%), phytol (5.79%), and caryophyllene oxide (4.56%). These results indicated that the optimal harvest stage of H. perforatum flowers is at the bud to blooming stages, when the flowers contain high levels of bioactive compounds, antioxidants, and volatile components. This study provides important reference information for the large-scale cultivation of H. perforatum.

GE Li, YAO Yuan-Yuan, KANG Tian-Lan, LI Jing-Yao, HE Heng-Jun, YANG De-Long, LI Meng-Fei. Antioxidant capacity, bioactive compounds, and volatile constituents of flowers of Hypericum perforatum at different harvest stages[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2017, 26(9): 66-74.

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