Abstract: Ramie (Boehmeria nivea) and its products are important traditional and export commodities in China. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of root rot on the main yield-related traits of ramie in a 7-year field experiment. We determined fiber yield and seven agronomic traits (plant height, stem diameter, ramet number, harvest ratio, fresh bark thickness, fresh bark yield, and bast fiber content). The relationships between root rot and these factors were evaluated by correlation analyses, multiple regression analyses, and path analyses. The results showed that the average root rot rate of Zhongzhu-1, Tri-1, and Xiangzhu-3 was up to 14.71% and the fiber yield decreased by 14.94% during the 7-year field experiment. The plant height, harvest ratio, and bast fiber content increased during the field study, with increases of 0.0181 m, 0.2925%, and 0.1792% per year, respectively. However, the stem diameter, ramet number, fresh bark thickness, fresh bark yield, and fiber yield decreased at 0.0089 cm, 0.1057×10⁴ plants/ha, 0.001 mm, 0.6439×10³ kg/ha, and 0.3634×10² kg/ha per year, respectively. The correlation coefficients between fiber yield and yield-related traits were as follows: fresh bark yield (r=0.9108), plant height (r=0.4226), fresh bark thickness (r=0.4176), ramet number (r=0.2777), harvest ratio (r=0.2640), bast fiber content (r=0.1235), and stem diameter (r=0.0395). There were highly significant correlations between fiber yield and plant height, fresh bark thickness, and fresh bark yield (P<0.01) and significant correlations between fiber yield and ramet number and harvest ratio (P<0.05). The path analysis indicated that fresh bark yield played the greatest role in fiber yield (P=1.0446), followed by bast fiber content (P=0.4262). The plant height, stem diameter, ramet number, harvest ratio, and fresh bark thickness indirectly affected fiber yield via their contributions to fresh bark yield.