Crop yield and soil fertility affected by continuous potato/soybean intercropping systems along the Yellow River

doi:10.11686/cyxb2017162

Abstract

Abstract: The objective of this work was to explore the mechanisms for the yield advantage of a potato/soybean continuous intercropping system. Potato, variety Kexin 4 and soybean, variety Jidou 12 were used in a long-term field experiment undertaken from 2011 to 2014 in Guochen, Huining County, Gansu Province in the Northwest irrigation district. The treatments included potato monocropping (PM), soybean monocropping (SM), potato-soybean rotational system (P-S), potato/soybean continues intercropping (IC) and potato/soybean rotational intercropping (IR). The influences of different cultivation systems on crop yields and soil fertility were analyzed. Continuous intercropping systems produced higher yields; IC and IR treatments enhanced yield by 28.5%-254.1% and 39.4%-284.0% compared with PM and SM, respectively and by 57.5% to 70.8% compared with P-S. There was no difference in yield between IC and IR in 2011 and 2012 but in 2013 and 2014 IR yield was significantly higher than those of PM, SM, IC and P-S, achieving 9913 kg/ha and 9590 kg/ha, respectively. Cultivation system influenced yield over time. For PM, yield was stable after 1 year but declined significantly by 22.1% and 42.1% after two and three years of continuous cropping, respectively. The SM and IC treatments significantly reduced yields by 31.2%-53.6% and 13.9%-24.2% after two years, respectively. The P-M and IR treatments did not influence yield over the four years of the study. Topsoil fertility was improved to some extent by different cultivation systems; Olsen P>available N>total N>total P>available K>organic carbon>total K>pH. Topsoil fertility in the IC and IR treatments decline after four years of continuous cropping compared with PM, SM and P-S; Olsen P and available K decreased by 26.2%-42.9% and 18.5%-30.2%, respectively. The results of this study showed that potato/soybean intercropping systems (IC or IR) produced better yields after four years of continuous cropping compared with monocropping and rotational cropping with the potato/soybean rotational intercropping system clearly superior.

CHEN Guang-Rong, WANG Li-Ming, YANG Ru-Ping, DONG Bo, ZHANG Guo-Hong, YANG Gui-Fang. Crop yield and soil fertility affected by continuous potato/soybean intercropping systems along the Yellow River[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2017, 26(10): 46-55.

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