Abstract: During 2006-2008, distribution and community characteristics of Gymnocarpos przewalskii which is a type of rare plant in the north of Subei were investigated. G. przewalskii is mainly distributed on Piedmont alluvial fan, gravel and dry river bed areas at altitudes of 1 500-1 600 m in the northern mountainous area of Subei and 1 900-2 780 m in the southern mountainous area of Subei. Species composition of G. przewalskii plant communities consist of 44 species that belong to 31 genera 13 families. Among them, the gravelly desert distribution elements are in the ancient Mediterranean and West Asia to Central Asia (54.8%). There is close relationship between the floras of G. przewalskii desert communities and those of the ancient Mediterranean. The North temperate distribution pattern takes second place (19.4%). Distribution of G. przewalskii has a strong relationship with floras in North temperate distribution patterns. World distribution of the species is 9.7%. The diversity indexes of the floras are all high, but physical height and cover of floras are low. The number of old plants is more than that of young plants, which implies that the whole floras show a trend of recession.