Effects of simulated salt stress on seed germination, seedling emergence and growth of Ulmus pumila

Abstract

Abstract: The effect of salt stress on seed germination, seedling emergence, growth and the photosynthetic performance of Ulmus pumila were studied to supply a theoretical basis for salt-tolerant germplasm selection in U. pumila. With an increasing concentration of salt stress, germination rate and germination index decreased, and the time of seedling germination was significantly delayed. The rate of emergence, planting percent and survival rate of seedlings decreased with an increase of salt concentration and salt stress reduced the growth of seedling height and root length of U. pumila. Because salt tolerance is weak in the seedling stage, a large number of seedlings died under salt stress. With an increase in salt stress, yields or flux ratios (φ_Po, Ψ_o and φ_Eo), phenomenological energy fluxes(ABS/CS_M, TR_O/CS_M and ET_O/CS_M). Density of reaction centers (RC/CS_O and RC/CS_M), performance indexes (PI_ABS and PI_CSM) and driving force per unit area basis (DF_CSM) decreased, while absorption flux per CS (ABS/CS_O), quantum yield for energy dissipation (φ_Do) and dissipated energy flux per CS (DI_O/ CS_M) increased. The reason that seeds of forest plant seedlings cannot grow when under salt stress is that salt tolerance is weak in the seedling stage, resulting in low planting percent and death of seedlings under salt stress.

CLC Number:

LIU Bing-xiang, WANG Zhi-gang, YANG Min-sheng, LIANG Hai-yong. Effects of simulated salt stress on seed germination, seedling emergence and growth of Ulmus pumila[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2012, 21(5): 39-46.

References

[1] 张永锋, 梁正伟, 隋丽, 等. 盐碱胁迫对苗期紫花苜蓿生理特性的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(4): 230-235.
[2] 刘苹. 白榆半同胞家系、无性系遗传变异与早期选择研究[D]. 泰安: 山东农业大学, 2003.
[3] 夏尚光. 美国岩榆的引种育苗技术与耐盐耐旱特性研究[D]. 江苏: 南京林业大学, 2005.
[4] 刘炳响. 白榆耐盐差异性研究[D]. 河北: 河北农业大学, 2005.
[5] 李庆贱. 白榆家系苗期耐盐碱对比试验与优良家系选择[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2010.
[6] 师东, 张爱勤. 盐碱胁迫对两种补血草种子萌发的影响[J]. 草业科学, 2011, 28(8): 1445-1450.
[7] 彭清青, 李春杰, 宋梅玲, 等. 不同酸碱条件下内生真菌对三种禾草种子萌发的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(5): 72-78.
[8] 芦翔, 汪强, 赵惠萍, 等. 盐胁迫对不同燕麦品种种子萌发和出苗影响的研究[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 26(7): 77-81.
[9] 刘慧霞, 申晓蓉, 郭正刚. 硅对紫花苜蓿种子萌发及幼苗生长发育的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(1): 155-160.
[10] Strasserf R J, Srivastava A, Govindjee. Polyphasic chlorophyll a fluorescence transient in plants and cyanobacteria[J]. Photochemistry And Photobiology, 1995, 61(1): 32-42.
[11] 李鹏民, 高辉远, Strasser R J. 快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学分析在光合作用研究中的应用[J]. 植物生理与分子生物学学报, 2005, 31(6): 559-566.
[12] Pandey D M, Kang K H, Yeo U D. Effects of excessive photon on the photosynthetic pigments and violaxanthin de-epoxidase activity in the xanthophyll cycle of spinach leaf[J]. Plant Science, 2005, 168(1): 161-166.
[13] 白志英, 李存东, 赵金锋, 等. 干旱胁迫对小麦代换系叶绿素荧光参数的影响及染色体效应初步分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2011, 44(1): 47-57.
[14] 纪荣花, 于磊, 鲁为华, 等. 盐碱胁迫对芨芨草种子萌发的影响[J]. 草业科学, 2011, 28(2): 245-250.
[15] 刘金萍, 高奔, 李欣, 等. 盐旱互作对不同生境盐地碱蓬种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(20): 5485-5490.
[16] 党伟光, 高贤明, 王瑾芳, 等. 紫茎泽兰入侵地区土壤种子库特征[J]. 生物多样性, 2008, 16(2): 126-132.
[17] 陈炳东, 黄高宝, 陈玉梁, 等. 盐胁迫对油葵根系活力和幼苗生长的影响[J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2008, 30(3): 327-330.
[18] 李存桢, 刘小京, 杨艳敏, 等. 盐胁迫对盐地碱蓬种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2005, 21(5): 209-212.
[19] 景艳霞, 袁庆华. NaCl 胁迫对苜蓿幼苗生长及不同器官中盐离子分布的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(2): 134-139.
[20] 桂仁意, 刘亚迪, 郭小勤, 等. 不同剂量Cs-γ射对毛竹幼苗叶片叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J]. 植物学报, 2010, 45(1): 66-72.
[21] 贾永霞, 孙锦, 王丽萍, 等. 低氧胁迫下黄瓜植株热耗散途径[J]. 应用生态学报, 2011, 22(3): 707-712.
[22] 艾军勇, 张道勇, 牟书勇, 等. EDTA对波士顿蕨吸收Hg的影响及其光合响应[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2011, 17(2): 219-222.
[23] Yamane Y, Shikanai T, Kashino Y, et al. Reduction of Q_A in the dark: Another cause of fluorescence Fo increases by high temperature in higher plants[J]. Photosynthesis Research, 2000, 63(1): 23-34.
[24] Appenroth K J, Stckel J, Srivastava A, et al. Multiple effect of chromate on the photosynthetic apparatus of Spirodela polyrhiza asprobed by OJIP chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2001, 115(1): 49-64.
[25] Van Heerden P D R, Tsimilli-Michael M, Kruger G H J, et al. Dark chilling effects on soybean genotypes during vegetative development: Parallel studies of CO₂ assimilation, chlorophyll a fluorescence kinetics O-J-I-P and nitrogen fixation[J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 2003, 117(4): 476-491.
[26] Chen H X, Li W J, An S Z, et al. Characterization of PSⅡ photochemistry and thermostability in salt-treated Rumex leaves[J]. Journal of Plant Physiology, 2004, 161(3): 257-264.
[27] 宋旭丽, 胡春梅, 孟静静, 等. NaCl胁迫加重强光胁迫下超大甜椒叶片的光系统II和光系统I的光抑制[J]. 植物生态学报, 2011, 35(6): 681-686.
[28] 张谧, 王慧娟, 于长青. 超旱生植物沙冬青高温胁迫下的快速叶绿素荧光动力学特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2009, 18(6): 2272-2277.
[29] Strivastava A, Strasser R J. Stress and stress management of land plants during a regular day[J]. Journal Plant Physiology, 1996, 148(3-4): 445-455.
[30] van Heerden P D R, Strasser R J, Kruger G H J. Reduction of dark chilling stress in N2-fixing soybean by nitrate as indicated by chlorophyll a fluorescence kinetics[J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 2004, 121(2): 239-249.
[31] 吴长艾, 孟庆伟, 邹琦, 等. 小麦不同品种叶片对光氧化胁迫响应的比较研究[J]. 作物学报, 2003, 29(3): 339-344.
[32] 孙山, 张立涛, 高辉远, 等. 晴天条件下光、温变化对苹果绿色果皮原初光化学反应的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2009, 20(10): 2431-2436.
[33] Morosinotto T, Caffarri S, Da’Osto L, et al. Mechanistic aspects of the xanthophyll dynamics in higher plant thylakoids[J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 2003, 119(3): 347-354.