Effects of partial substitution of mineral fertilizer by bio-fertilizer on yield, quality, photosynthesis and fertilizer utilization rate in broccoli

doi:10.11686/cyxb20150107

Abstract

Abstract: The over-use of inorganic fertilizer in summer vegetable production leads to diminished vegetable quality, nutrient use inefficiency and groundwater pollution. It is not known whether the combined application of bio-fertilizer with mineral fertilizer can improve quality and yield. A field experiment with broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) has been under taken to investigate the effects of different combinations on quality, yield, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium distribution rates, fertilizer utilization rate and photosynthesis. Three different rates (60%, 80% and 100%) of the conventional doses of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers (CF) were combined with bio-fertilizer (CK) in 6 treatments as follows: 60% CF without bio-fertilizer (60CF), 60% CF with bio-fertilizer (60CFB), 80% CF without bio-fertilizer (80CF), 80% CF with bio-fertilizer (80CFB), 100% CF without bio-fertilizer (100CF) and 100% CF with bio-fertilizer (100CFB). These treatments were applied to the crop in a randomized complete block design with three replicates.The head weight of broccoli with bio-fertilizer treatments significantly increased compared to that of sole mineral fertilizer treatments. The bio-fertilizer treatments’ utilization rates and uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were also higher. Compared with 100CF, the yield under 80CFB increased, whereas the yield under 60CFB decreased. Compared with 100CF treatment, the nitrate content in the broccoli head decreased significantly, while the vitamin C and soluble sugar contents significantly increased under lower CF and bio-fertilizer treatments. Nitrogen uptake was highest in the functional leaf of broccoli with 80CFB and in the head of broccoli with 100CF. Under the treatments with bio-fertilizer, the photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance increased, whereas intercellular CO₂ leaf concentrations reduced. These results demonstrated that the 750 kg/ha bio-fertilizer combined with 80% conventional mineral fertilizer can improve broccoli head quality, fertilizer utilization rate and photosynthesis.

LI Jie, JIA Haoyu, XIE Jianming, YU Jihua, YANG Ping. Effects of partial substitution of mineral fertilizer by bio-fertilizer on yield, quality, photosynthesis and fertilizer utilization rate in broccoli[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2015, 24(1): 47-55.

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