Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization on broad bean straw degradation in a split root experiment

doi:10.11686/cyxb20140531

Abstract

Abstract:

The decomposition of plant residues plays an important role in the cycling of nutrients and substrates, especially the carbon-nitrogen cycle, which is influenced by many microorganisms that act in a role of consumer or decomposer and directly or indirectly accelerate the degradation process. The group of microorganisms known as, mycorrhizae are recognized as being of special importance as they have a special microhabitat and a unique role. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can form mutualistic symbiosis with more than 80% of the higher plant species. The contribution of AM to the process of degradation of plant residues varied at different hierarchical levels (plant root, mycorrhizae within the root and the soil mycelium), although hit should be noted that accompanying bacteria also affect the process. In previous studies, most experiments were carried out with pot or other single compartment techniques, and this made it difficult to clarify the effects of mycorhizal symbiosis on degradation of plant residues. In the present study, a split-root technique with four compartments was used to quantitatively compare the degradation process.. In this experiment, maize (Zea mays) was used as the host plant and was inoculated with the AM fungus, Glomus mosseae (G. m) and cultivated in the split root device with four compartments which were the mycorrhizosphere (M), rhizosphere (R), hyphasphere (H) and bulk soil (S). Broad bean (Vicia faba) straw was used as a test plant residue and embedded in the four compartments. Plants were harvested respectively at 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 days and plant residue degradation rate, soil enzymatic activity, soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, and soil respiration were measured in the four compartments. Inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi accelerated the broad bean straw degradation in R, M and H with 15.61%, 20.54% and 7.74% compare with in the S compartment. The catalase, protease, and acid phosphatase activities were higher in the R, M and H compartments than the S compartment, as was soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and soil respiration. The higher microbial activity in the compartments with AM fungi facilitated and accelerated the process of plant residue degradation. Enchancement of residue decomposition by mycorrhizae has significant implications for understanding of soil C and plant N acquisition in future research.

CLC Number:

S643.6

GUO Tao,SHI Xiao-jun,ZHU Min,LUO Zhen. Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization on broad bean straw degradation in a split root experiment[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(5): 263-270.

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