Abstract: Based on a rangeland resources survey of China (Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Services affiliated to the Agricultural Department of China, 1996), grassland statistics of China (2009) related literature and field investigations, the natural grassland resources, winter-fallow paddy fields and forest grassland were studied. 1) The natural grassland area in southwest China was 35.58×10⁶ ha (32.59% of the total land area). Available grassland area was 29.04×10⁶ ha (>70% of the total natural grassland area). 2) Grassland resources types were divided into four regions: tropical humid shrubby tussock region, subtropical humid tussock region, subtropical subhumid tussock region, temperate humid plateau tussock meadow region. 3) The Karst area of southwest China was 52.23×10⁶ ha (29.50% of the land area), covering 292 counties. The rocky desertification area was 11.11×10⁶ ha (21.27% of the karst region), covering 88 severely rocky desertification counties. 4) The available farming-fallow crop area was 961.46×10⁴ ha, and the utilized farming-fallow crop area was 193.11×10⁴ ha (20.09% of the available farming-fallow crop area). Utilized winter-fallow paddy field grassland area totaled 118.58×10⁴ ha (12.33% of the available farming-fallow crop area and 61.40% of the utilized farming-fallow crop area). 5) Shrubby tussock and sparse forest tussock of southwest China was 1 894.84×10⁴ ha (29.81% of the grassland area and 36.06% of the available grassland area).