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Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 168-180.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020600

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Phenotypic diversity and podding characteristics of 70 Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus) germplasm lines cultivated in Southern Henan

Meng ZHANG1,4(), Peng-fei SHI2, Ben-yin LI1, Chun-zeng LIU1(), Chun-feng ZHENG1, Cheng-lan ZHANG1, Xiao-yan GUO2, Li-xia ZHANG2, Yu-hu LV2, Chun-mei HE5, Wei-dong CAO3()   

  1. 1.Institute of Plant Nutrition,Agricultural Resource and Environmental Science,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China
    2.Xinyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinyang 464000,China
    3.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China
    4.Institute of Crops Molecule Breeding,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China
    5.Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350013,China
  • Received:2020-12-30 Revised:2021-03-15 Online:2022-03-20 Published:2022-01-15
  • Contact: Chun-zeng LIU,Wei-dong CAO

Abstract:

Astragalus sinicus is one of the most important winter green manure crops in paddy fields of China. By comparing the differences in agronomic traits and podding characters between the local and introduced germplasm resources, phenotypic variation and seed production potential of 70 germplasm lines of A. sinicus in Southern Henan Province were studied. It was found that all tested lines could complete their life cycle. The coefficient of variation (CV) of the 19 traits ranged from 1.3% to 73.2%, among which canopy area (CV=45.9%-73.2%), height of the first pod (CV=46.0%-52.9%), number of reproductive branches and reproductive branch ratio (CV=34.6%-48.4%), number of secondary branches (CV=41.2%-41.3%), plant height at the spring regreening period (CV=30.2%-39.2%), and seed yield (CV=24.4%-35.7%) exhibited higher variability. The leaf color of six local lines, including Xinzi No.1 and XYHY-1, appeared purple during the wintering period and the spring regreening period. Seed yield was significantly positively correlated with plant height at the spring regreening period, plant height at the full-bloom period, canopy area in the wintering period, height of the first pod, number of reproductive node sites per branch and 1000-seed weight. 1000-seed weight was significantly positively correlated with plant height at the spring regreening period, plant height at the full-bloom period, canopy area in the wintering period, height of the first pod, number of reproductive node sites per branch and reproductive branch ratio, and significantly negatively correlated with days from seedling emergence to full-bloom, total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents. The average seed yield of the introduced germplasm lines was 1015.5 kg·ha-1, and that of the local lines was 1096.5 kg·ha-1. A. sinicus showed high economic benefit in Southern Henan compared with winter rapeseed and wheat, and is a suitable winter option for transplanted-rice cultivation systems.

Key words: Astragalus sinicus, resource evaluation, seed production capacity, Southern Henan