Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 24-33.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023137
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Ya-ru ZHAO1,2(), Yun-xiang CAO1, Cheng-can YANG1,2, Feng-hou SHI1(), Hong-xiang FU3, Lei CHU1
Received:
2023-04-26
Revised:
2023-06-05
Online:
2024-03-20
Published:
2023-12-27
Contact:
Feng-hou SHI
Ya-ru ZHAO, Yun-xiang CAO, Cheng-can YANG, Feng-hou SHI, Hong-xiang FU, Lei CHU. Hydrological effects of highway vegetation slope model under artificial rain conditions[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(3): 24-33.
指标 Index | 不同材料覆盖边坡 The slope covered with different materials | 不同生长时间植被边坡 The vegetation slope with different growing time | 不同降雨强度下边坡 The slope under different rainfall intensities | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
自由度 Degree of freedom | F值 F value | 自由度 Degree of freedom | F值 F value | 自由度 Degree of freedom | F值 F value | |
坡面产流起始时间Runoff onset time | 3 | 90.909** | 3 | 205.393** | 4 | 98.362** |
坡面径流量Slope runoff | 3 | 1005.459** | 3 | 11416.809** | 4 | 36887.711** |
坡面泥沙收集量Sediment collection | 3 | 1425.075** | 3 | 6521.690** | 4 | 1425.075** |
坡面雨水收集量Rainwater collection | 3 | 3318.008** | 3 | 1276.718** | 4 | 1867.413** |
坡体水分渗出时间Seepage time | 3 | 15.419** | 3 | 15.419** | 5 | 543.000** |
坡体水分渗透量Seepage amount | 3 | 787.637** | 3 | 787.637** | 5 | 10078.980** |
Table 1 ANOVA of hydrological testing indicators of slope under artificial rainfall
指标 Index | 不同材料覆盖边坡 The slope covered with different materials | 不同生长时间植被边坡 The vegetation slope with different growing time | 不同降雨强度下边坡 The slope under different rainfall intensities | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
自由度 Degree of freedom | F值 F value | 自由度 Degree of freedom | F值 F value | 自由度 Degree of freedom | F值 F value | |
坡面产流起始时间Runoff onset time | 3 | 90.909** | 3 | 205.393** | 4 | 98.362** |
坡面径流量Slope runoff | 3 | 1005.459** | 3 | 11416.809** | 4 | 36887.711** |
坡面泥沙收集量Sediment collection | 3 | 1425.075** | 3 | 6521.690** | 4 | 1425.075** |
坡面雨水收集量Rainwater collection | 3 | 3318.008** | 3 | 1276.718** | 4 | 1867.413** |
坡体水分渗出时间Seepage time | 3 | 15.419** | 3 | 15.419** | 5 | 543.000** |
坡体水分渗透量Seepage amount | 3 | 787.637** | 3 | 787.637** | 5 | 10078.980** |
处理 Treatment | 产流起始时间 Runoff onset time (min) | 坡面径流量 Slope runoff (g·m-2) | 泥沙收集量 Sediment collection (g·m-2) | 雨水收集量 Rainwater collection (g·m-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
无覆盖Uncovered (CK) | 2±0.10Dd | 61631±227.15Aa | 4421±38.16Aa | 57210±72.67Aa |
椰丝草毯Coconut grass blanket | 3±0.26Cc | 47302±145.71Dd | 1713±53.11Dd | 45589±89.11Dd |
秸秆纤维毯Straw fiber blanket | 4±0.26Bb | 51983±128.79Bb | 1893±54.99Cc | 50090±70.15Bb |
草帘Straw curtain | 5±0.26Aa | 50580±602.72Cc | 2699±74.64Bb | 47081±281.17Cc |
Table 2 Runoff onset time, slope runoff, sediment and rainwater collection of slope surface covered with different materials
处理 Treatment | 产流起始时间 Runoff onset time (min) | 坡面径流量 Slope runoff (g·m-2) | 泥沙收集量 Sediment collection (g·m-2) | 雨水收集量 Rainwater collection (g·m-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
无覆盖Uncovered (CK) | 2±0.10Dd | 61631±227.15Aa | 4421±38.16Aa | 57210±72.67Aa |
椰丝草毯Coconut grass blanket | 3±0.26Cc | 47302±145.71Dd | 1713±53.11Dd | 45589±89.11Dd |
秸秆纤维毯Straw fiber blanket | 4±0.26Bb | 51983±128.79Bb | 1893±54.99Cc | 50090±70.15Bb |
草帘Straw curtain | 5±0.26Aa | 50580±602.72Cc | 2699±74.64Bb | 47081±281.17Cc |
处理 Treatment | 渗出时间 Seepage time (min) | 渗透量 Seepage amount (mL·m-2) |
---|---|---|
无覆盖Uncovered (CK) | 13±1.00Aa | 17670±150.36Dd |
椰丝草毯Coconut grass blanket | 11±0.35Aa | 29190±516.98Aa |
秸秆纤维毯Straw fiber blanket | 9±0.79Bb | 26170±86.81Bb |
草帘Straw curtain | 12±0.72Aa | 22599±276.73Cc |
Table 3 Seepage time and seepage amount of the slope covered with different materials
处理 Treatment | 渗出时间 Seepage time (min) | 渗透量 Seepage amount (mL·m-2) |
---|---|---|
无覆盖Uncovered (CK) | 13±1.00Aa | 17670±150.36Dd |
椰丝草毯Coconut grass blanket | 11±0.35Aa | 29190±516.98Aa |
秸秆纤维毯Straw fiber blanket | 9±0.79Bb | 26170±86.81Bb |
草帘Straw curtain | 12±0.72Aa | 22599±276.73Cc |
处理 Treatment | 产流起始时间Runoff onset time (min) | 坡面径流量 Slope runoff (g·m-2) | 泥沙收集量 Sediment collection (g·m-2) | 雨水收集量 Rainwater collection (g·m-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
裸土边坡The bare soil slope (CK) | 2±0.15Dd | 61420±708.08Aa | 4420±86.65Aa | 57000±2090.08Aa |
2月生植被边坡Vegetation slope with two months growth period | 9±0.70Cc | 24318±259.01Bb | 648±22.87Bb | 23670±70.93Bb |
3月生植被边坡Vegetation slope with three months growth period | 13±0.87Bb | 12702±130.97Cc | 108±4.36Cc | 12594±70.74Cc |
4月生植被边坡Vegetation slope with four months growth period | 15±0.82Aa | 10180±52.04Dd | 48±3.61Cc | 10132±32.42Dc |
Table 4 Runoff onset time, slope runoff, sediment and rainwater collection of vegetation slope with different growing time
处理 Treatment | 产流起始时间Runoff onset time (min) | 坡面径流量 Slope runoff (g·m-2) | 泥沙收集量 Sediment collection (g·m-2) | 雨水收集量 Rainwater collection (g·m-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
裸土边坡The bare soil slope (CK) | 2±0.15Dd | 61420±708.08Aa | 4420±86.65Aa | 57000±2090.08Aa |
2月生植被边坡Vegetation slope with two months growth period | 9±0.70Cc | 24318±259.01Bb | 648±22.87Bb | 23670±70.93Bb |
3月生植被边坡Vegetation slope with three months growth period | 13±0.87Bb | 12702±130.97Cc | 108±4.36Cc | 12594±70.74Cc |
4月生植被边坡Vegetation slope with four months growth period | 15±0.82Aa | 10180±52.04Dd | 48±3.61Cc | 10132±32.42Dc |
处理Treatment | 渗出时间Seepage time (min) | 渗透量Seepage amount (mL·m-2) |
---|---|---|
裸土边坡The bare soil slope (CK) | 13±0.35Aa | 17670±145.01Dd |
2月生植被边坡Vegetation slope with two months growth period | 7±0.46Bb | 46789±251.79Cc |
3月生植被边坡Vegetation slope with three months growth period | 5±0.92Cc | 53500±88.50Bb |
4月生植被边坡Vegetation slope with four months growth period | 4±0.36Cc | 55634±205.65Aa |
Table 5 Seepage time and seepage amount of vegetation slope with different growing time
处理Treatment | 渗出时间Seepage time (min) | 渗透量Seepage amount (mL·m-2) |
---|---|---|
裸土边坡The bare soil slope (CK) | 13±0.35Aa | 17670±145.01Dd |
2月生植被边坡Vegetation slope with two months growth period | 7±0.46Bb | 46789±251.79Cc |
3月生植被边坡Vegetation slope with three months growth period | 5±0.92Cc | 53500±88.50Bb |
4月生植被边坡Vegetation slope with four months growth period | 4±0.36Cc | 55634±205.65Aa |
坡面类型 Slope type | 降雨强度 Rainfall intensity (mm·h-1) | 降雨时间 Rainfall time (min) | 产流起始时间 Runoff onset time (min) | 坡面径流量 Slope runoff (g·m-2) | 泥沙收集量 Sediment collection (g·m-2) | 雨水收集量 Rainwater collection (g·m-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
裸土边坡 The bare soil slope | 60 | 90 | 6±0.75Cc | 41993±109.49Cc | 893±32.05Cc | 41100±959.16Cc |
90 | 60 | 4±0.26Cc | 51193±158.19Bb | 1873±32.51Bb | 49320±1496.15Bb | |
120 | 45 | 2±0.26Cd | 61420±133.00Aa | 4420±97.39Aa | 57000±506.04Aa | |
植被边坡 The vegetation slope | 60 | 90 | \\ | 0 | 0 | 0 |
90 | 60 | 25±2.65Aa | 7221±56.71Ee | 21±1.00Dd | 7200±79.50Ee | |
120 | 45 | 15±2.52Bb | 10180±430.88Dd | 48±2.65Dd | 10132±888.40Dd |
Table 6 Comparison of slope runoff under different rainfall intensities
坡面类型 Slope type | 降雨强度 Rainfall intensity (mm·h-1) | 降雨时间 Rainfall time (min) | 产流起始时间 Runoff onset time (min) | 坡面径流量 Slope runoff (g·m-2) | 泥沙收集量 Sediment collection (g·m-2) | 雨水收集量 Rainwater collection (g·m-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
裸土边坡 The bare soil slope | 60 | 90 | 6±0.75Cc | 41993±109.49Cc | 893±32.05Cc | 41100±959.16Cc |
90 | 60 | 4±0.26Cc | 51193±158.19Bb | 1873±32.51Bb | 49320±1496.15Bb | |
120 | 45 | 2±0.26Cd | 61420±133.00Aa | 4420±97.39Aa | 57000±506.04Aa | |
植被边坡 The vegetation slope | 60 | 90 | \\ | 0 | 0 | 0 |
90 | 60 | 25±2.65Aa | 7221±56.71Ee | 21±1.00Dd | 7200±79.50Ee | |
120 | 45 | 15±2.52Bb | 10180±430.88Dd | 48±2.65Dd | 10132±888.40Dd |
边坡类型 Slope type | 降雨强度 Rainfall intensity (mm·h-1) | 降雨时间 Rainfall time (min) | 渗出时间 Seepage time (min) | 渗透量 Seepage amount (mL·m-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
裸土边坡The bare soil slope | 60 | 90 | 22±0.60Aa | 29030±91.80Cc |
90 | 60 | 17±0.60Bb | 22250±435.11Dd | |
120 | 45 | 13±0.61Cc | 17460±221.62Ee | |
植被边坡The vegetation slope | 60 | 90 | 8±0.44Dd | 61100±529.49Aa |
90 | 60 | 6±0.44Ee | 55680±320.20Bb | |
120 | 45 | 4±0.36Ff | 55634±203.17Bb |
Table 7 Seepage time and seepage amount of slope under different rainfall intensities
边坡类型 Slope type | 降雨强度 Rainfall intensity (mm·h-1) | 降雨时间 Rainfall time (min) | 渗出时间 Seepage time (min) | 渗透量 Seepage amount (mL·m-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
裸土边坡The bare soil slope | 60 | 90 | 22±0.60Aa | 29030±91.80Cc |
90 | 60 | 17±0.60Bb | 22250±435.11Dd | |
120 | 45 | 13±0.61Cc | 17460±221.62Ee | |
植被边坡The vegetation slope | 60 | 90 | 8±0.44Dd | 61100±529.49Aa |
90 | 60 | 6±0.44Ee | 55680±320.20Bb | |
120 | 45 | 4±0.36Ff | 55634±203.17Bb |
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