A full life cycle carbon footprint calculation and analysis of spatial-temporal pattern for livestock industries in the Yellow River water supply area of Gannan

doi:10.11686/cyxb2023384

Abstract

Abstract:

Gaining an objective understanding of the carbon dynamics of animal husbandry and its spatial and temporal pattern is the scientific basis for low-carbon and ecological development of regional animal husbandry. This study was based on data relating to animal husbandry and production at the county scale in the Yellow River water supply area of Gannan from 2000 to 2020 as an input， and used the whole life cycle method to estimate the carbon footprint of animal husbandry， and the industry spatial and temporal changes and structural characteristics. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was applied to explore the spatial pattern of the animal husbandry carbon footprint. The results showed that： 1） The animal husbandry carbon footprint in the Yellow River water supply area of Gannan showed， on the whole， an overall upward trend with an average annual growth rate of 1.80%. Three stages were revealed： a rapid growth stage， a slow decline and then rebound stage， and a fluctuating decline stage. 2） It was noted that the amount of CH₄ and N₂O produced by livestock gastrointestinal fermentation and fecal management during the production process is particularly large for ruminant animals. The CH₄ and N₂O emissions of sheep and cattle have increased substantially and been much higher than those of other livestock. 3） Maqu County has always been an area with a super-heavy animal husbandry carbon footprint. The emergence of areas with a heavy footprint showed a fluctuating trend， but was mainly concentrated in Luqu County and Xiahe County. The animal husbandry carbon footprint in Linxia County， Jishishan County and Hezheng County remained light， while that in Hezuo City， Zhuoni County and Lintan County was medium. The ranking of the total animal husbandry carbon footprint from largest to smallest was pastoral areas>agricultural areas>semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral area. 4） The overall spatial pattern of the animal husbandry carbon footprint in the study area was one of increase from north to south and from east to west. At the county scale， Maqu County and Luqu County were high-carbon emission or ‘hot-spot’ areas， and Hezuo City， Hezheng County and Kangle County were ‘cold-spot’ areas with notably low carbon emissions. The formulation of differentiated regional animal husbandry development strategies according to local conditions， and the promotion of ‘low-emission’ animal husbandry practices will help reduce the animal husbandry carbon footprint so as to achieve low-carbon transformation for animal husbandry in the area.

Key words: carbon footprint, greenhouse gas, full life cycle method, livestock industry, spatial-temporal pattern, the Yellow River water supply area of Gannan

Xiao-rong LI, Qiang-qiang CHEN. A full life cycle carbon footprint calculation and analysis of spatial-temporal pattern for livestock industries in the Yellow River water supply area of Gannan[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(9): 227-241.

Figures/Tables 12

References 46

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占比Proportion	猪Pig	羊Sheep	牛Cattle	肉鸡Roaster	蛋鸡Laying hen	奶牛Cow
精饲料中玉米占比Proportion of corn in concentrate feed	56.6	62.61	37	57	63.28	46.79
精饲料中豆饼占比Proportion of bean cake in concentrate feed	10.2	12.89	26	5	13.98	28.56
精饲料中小麦占比Proportion of wheat in concentrate feed	-	-	-	17	-	-

占比Proportion	猪Pig	羊Sheep	牛Cattle	肉鸡Roaster	蛋鸡Laying hen	奶牛Cow
精饲料中玉米占比Proportion of corn in concentrate feed	56.6	62.61	37	57	63.28	46.79
精饲料中豆饼占比Proportion of bean cake in concentrate feed	10.2	12.89	26	5	13.98	28.56
精饲料中小麦占比Proportion of wheat in concentrate feed	-	-	-	17	-	-

环节Segment	符号Sign	相关系数Correlation coefficient	数值Value	单位Unit
饲粮种植 Feed grain cultivation	f₁	玉米CO₂当量排放系数Carbon dioxide equivalent emission coefficient of maize	1.5000	t·t^-1
饲粮种植 Feed grain cultivation	f₁	小麦CO₂当量排放系数Carbon dioxide equivalent emission coefficient of wheat	1.2200	t·t^-1
饲粮加工运输 Feed gain transport	f₂	玉米CO₂当量排放系数Carbon dioxide equivalent emission coefficient of maize	0.0102	t·t^-1
		大豆CO₂当量排放系数Carbon dioxide equivalent emission coefficient of soybean	0.1013	t·t^-1
		小麦CO₂当量排放系数Carbon dioxide equivalent emission coefficient of wheat	0.0319	t·t^-1
牲畜饲养耗能 Livestock feeding energy consumption	f_e	电能消耗CO₂排放系数Power consumption carbon dioxide emission coefficient	0.9734	t CO₂·MW^-1·h^-1
	f_c	煤炭消耗CO₂排放系数Coal consumption carbon dioxide emission coefficient	1.9800	t·t^-1
	p_e	牲畜养殖电费单价Livestock breeding electricity unit price	0.4275	yuan·kW^-1·h^-1
	p_c	牲畜养殖煤炭单价Livestock breeding coal unit price	800	yuan·t^-1
畜产品加工 Livestock products processing	MJ	猪肉加工耗能系数Energy consumption coefficient of pork processing	3.76	MJ·kg^-1
		牛肉加工耗能系数Beef processing energy consumption coefficient	4.37	MJ·kg^-1
		羊肉加工耗能系数Energy consumption coefficient of mutton processing	10.40	MJ·kg^-1
		禽肉加工耗能系数Energy consumption coefficient of poultry processing	2.59	MJ·kg^-1
		禽蛋加工耗能系数Energy consumption coefficient of egg processing	8.16	MJ·kg^-1
		牛奶加工耗能系数Milk processing energy consumption coefficient	1.12	MJ·kg^-1

环节Segment	符号Sign	相关系数Correlation coefficient	数值Value	单位Unit
饲粮种植 Feed grain cultivation	f₁	玉米CO₂当量排放系数Carbon dioxide equivalent emission coefficient of maize	1.5000	t·t^-1
饲粮种植 Feed grain cultivation	f₁	小麦CO₂当量排放系数Carbon dioxide equivalent emission coefficient of wheat	1.2200	t·t^-1
饲粮加工运输 Feed gain transport	f₂	玉米CO₂当量排放系数Carbon dioxide equivalent emission coefficient of maize	0.0102	t·t^-1
		大豆CO₂当量排放系数Carbon dioxide equivalent emission coefficient of soybean	0.1013	t·t^-1
		小麦CO₂当量排放系数Carbon dioxide equivalent emission coefficient of wheat	0.0319	t·t^-1
牲畜饲养耗能 Livestock feeding energy consumption	f_e	电能消耗CO₂排放系数Power consumption carbon dioxide emission coefficient	0.9734	t CO₂·MW^-1·h^-1
	f_c	煤炭消耗CO₂排放系数Coal consumption carbon dioxide emission coefficient	1.9800	t·t^-1
	p_e	牲畜养殖电费单价Livestock breeding electricity unit price	0.4275	yuan·kW^-1·h^-1
	p_c	牲畜养殖煤炭单价Livestock breeding coal unit price	800	yuan·t^-1
畜产品加工 Livestock products processing	MJ	猪肉加工耗能系数Energy consumption coefficient of pork processing	3.76	MJ·kg^-1
		牛肉加工耗能系数Beef processing energy consumption coefficient	4.37	MJ·kg^-1
		羊肉加工耗能系数Energy consumption coefficient of mutton processing	10.40	MJ·kg^-1
		禽肉加工耗能系数Energy consumption coefficient of poultry processing	2.59	MJ·kg^-1
		禽蛋加工耗能系数Energy consumption coefficient of egg processing	8.16	MJ·kg^-1
		牛奶加工耗能系数Milk processing energy consumption coefficient	1.12	MJ·kg^-1

牲畜品种 Livestock breeds	CH₄排放系数 CH₄ emission coefficient		N₂O排放系数N₂O emission coefficient
牲畜品种 Livestock breeds	肠胃发酵Gastrointestinal fermentation	粪便管理Fecal discharge	粪便管理 Fecal discharge
猪Pig	1.00	3.50	0.53
牛Cow	47.00	1.00	1.39
羊Sheep	5.00	0.16	0.33
马Horse	18.00	1.64	1.39
驴Donkey	10.00	0.90	1.39
骡Mule	10.00	0.90	1.39