黑麦草对扬州鹅生长性能、屠宰性能和血液生化指标的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb20150219

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文旨在研究添加不同比例黑麦草粉颗粒料对扬州鹅生长性能、屠宰性能和血液生化指标的影响。选择体重相近(出壳时间和体重基本一致),健康的扬州鹅300只,将其随机分为5组,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组和试验Ⅳ组,添加的黑麦草粉依次为:0,8%,12%,16%和20%,每组3个重复,每个重复20只。饲养试验期3周,试验期间进行各项指标的测定。结果表明,1)各试验组的平均日增重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而料重比显著低于对照组(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ和Ⅳ组的平均日采食量显著低于其他3组(P<0.05)。2)各组之间的宰前活重、屠体率、腿肌重和腿肌率差异不显著,但试验Ⅰ和Ⅱ组的屠体重显著低于其他各组(P<0.05);试验Ⅲ组的半净膛重、全净膛重、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌重、胸肌率和胫骨重显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),但腹脂重和腹脂率显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。3)各试验组的心重、肝重、脾重、肌胃重、胸腺重和胰腺重均高于对照组。4)试验Ⅲ组的血清TP和HDL含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但其血清TG、TC和LDL含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),各试验组的血清GLU和GPT含量均低于对照组(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ和Ⅳ组的GOT显著高于对照组(P<0.05),各组的血清ALP差异不显著。综上所述,黑麦草颗粒饲料能够提高扬州鹅的生长性能、改善屠宰性能和血液生化指标,其中添加16%黑麦草粉的效果最好。

Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different proportions of ryegrass meal in pelleted feed on the growth, carcass traits and blood biochemical indices of Yangzhou geese. 300 healthy geese with similar hatch times and hatch weight were randomly divided into 5 groups (control group and trial groups Ⅰ-Ⅳ); each group consisted of 20 geese with 3 replicates. The control group was feed with a basal diet without ryegrass, while trial groups Ⅰ-Ⅳ were feed pelleted feed containing 8%, 12%, 16% and 20% ryegrass respectively. The trial lasted for 21 days, after which all geese were slaughtered and assessed. Average daily weight gain of the trial groups was significantly higher but feed intake/unit weight gain significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). The average daily feed intake of groups Ⅱ and Ⅳ was significantly lower than other groups (P<0.05). There were no differences in slaughter live weight, carcass traits, leg muscle weight and leg muscle ratio among the five trial groups, but the slaughter weight of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly lower than remaining trial groups (P<0.05).The semi-eviscerated weight, eviscerated weight, eviscerated ratio, semi-eviscerated ratio, breast muscle weight, breast muscle ratio and tibia weight of group Ⅲ were significantly higher while the abdominal fat weight and the abdominal fat ratio were significantly lower than other groups (P<0.05). Heart, spleen, liver, stomach, pancreas and thymus weights of all experimental groups were higher than the control group. Total protein and high density lipoprotein in the blood serum of group Ⅲ, and the contents of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase of group Ⅰ and Ⅳ were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05).Triglyceride, cholesterol and low density lipoprote in content in the serum of group Ⅲ and the blood glucose and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase content in the trial groups were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). Alkaline phosphatase was not affected by the feeding regime. It was concluded that growth, carcass traits and blood biochemical composition of Yangzhou geese was improved by including ryegrass in the diet; the optimum proportion in feed was 16%.

占今舜, 夏晨, 刘苏娇, 周美玲, 杨宏波, 林淼, 刘明美, 赵国琦. 黑麦草对扬州鹅生长性能、屠宰性能和血液生化指标的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2015, 24(2): 168-175.

ZHAN Jinshun, XIA Chen, LIU Sujiao, ZHOU Meilin, YANG Hongbo, LIN Miao, LIU Mingmei, ZHAO Guoqi. Effects of ryegrass on growth, carcass traits and blood biochemical indices of Yangzhou geese[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2015, 24(2): 168-175.

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