切短与添加物对臂形草青贮品质的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为提高臂形草青贮品质,对材料切短与否和添加物(无添加-W、乳酸菌1-LAB1、乳酸菌2-LAB2、5%麦麸-F)的影响进行了研究。结果表明,仅凭切短对臂形草青贮料的pH值没有显著影响,但降低了乙酸、丙酸和丁酸等挥发性脂肪酸的含量。切短增加了NH₃-N含量,添加乳酸菌可使之显著减少(P<0.05)。乳酸菌和麦麸添加对切短与未切短的材料,在降低pH值和增加乳酸含量方面效果都很明显,特别是切短臂形草接种LAB2的效果最佳。切短组臂形草青贮开封后,有氧稳定性高低顺序依次为W>LAB1>F>LAB2。

Abstract: The effects of chopping and additives (lactic acid bacteria-LAB1, lactic acid bacteria preparation-LAB2, 5% wheat bran-F) on the fermentation quality of Brachiaria decumbens cv. Reyan No.3 silage were investigated. The results showed that chopping treatment alone did not affect pH values (P>0.05), although it reduced acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid contents. NH₃-N content was increased by chopping treatment alone but was significantly reduced by adding lactic acid bacteria (P<0.05). The addition of lactic acid bacteria and wheat bran reduced pH values and increased lactic acid contents, irrespective of chopping. The best fermentation quality was chopped B. decumbens cv. Reyan No.3 with LAB2 addition. When the silages of chopped B. decumbens cv. Reyan No.3 were exposed to air, the aerobic stability of LAB2 inoculated silage was inferior to that of F, LAB1 and W.

中图分类号:

S816.5⁺3

刘秦华,范传广,张建国,董朝霞,陈勇. 切短与添加物对臂形草青贮品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(1): 51-56.

LIU Qin-hua, FAN Chuan-guang, ZHANG Jian-guo, DONG Zhao-xia, CHEN Yong. The effects of chopping and additives on the silage quality of Brachiaria decumbens cv. Reyan No.3[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2009, 18(1): 51-56.

参考文献

[1] Camargo do Amaral R, Bernardes T F, Siqueira G R, et al. Fermentative and chemical characteristics of marandugrass silage submitted to four compaction pressures[J]. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2007, (3): 532-539.
[2] Bergamaschine A F, Passipieri M, Veriano W V, et al. Quality and nutritive value of marandugrass (Brachiaria brizanthia, cv. Marandu) silage prepared with additive or wilting[J]. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2006, (4): 1454-1462.
[3] Bernardes T F, Reis R A, Siqueira G R, et al. Aerobic stability of total mixed ration and marandugrass silage using microbial or chemical additive[J]. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2007, (4): 754-762.
[4] 刘国道, 罗丽娟. 中国热带饲用植物资源[M]. 北京: 中国农业大学出版社, 1999. 124-127.
[5] 全国牧草品种审定委员会. 中国牧草登记品种集[M]. 北京: 北京农业大学出版社, 1991.
[6] 刘国道, 白昌军, 何华玄, 等. 臂形草属牧草品种比较试验[J]. 草业科学, 1999, 16: 22-24.
[7] 袁福锦, 奎嘉祥, 李淑安, 等. 不同施氮水平对俯仰臂形草生产性能的影响[J]. 草业科学, 2005, (2): 48-51.
[8] Catchpoole V R, Henzell E F. Silage and silage-making from tropical herbage species[J]. Herbage Abstracts, 1971, 41: 213-221.
[9] Yahaya M S, Goto M, Yimiti W, et al. Evaluation of fermentation quality of a tropical and temperature forage crops ensiled with additives of fermented Juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB)[J]. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2004, 17: 942-946.
[10] McDonald P, Henderson A R, Heron S J E. The Biochemistry of Silage[M]. UK: Chalcombe Publ, Marlow, 1991.
[11] Jones D I H, Moseley G H, Jones R. In Science and Quality Beef Production[M]. London: Agricultural and Food Research Council, 1986. 20-21.
[12] Seale D R, Henderson A R, Pettersson K O, et al. The effect of addition of sugar and inoculation with two commercial inoculants on the fermentation of lucerne silage in laboratory silos[J]. Grass and Forage Science, 1986, 41: 61-70.
[13] 张丽英. 饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M]. 北京: 中国农业科技出版社, 2003. 46-75.
[14] 韩雅珊. 食品化学实验指导[M]. 北京: 北京农业大学出版社, 1996. 26-29.
[15] McDonald P, Playne M J. The buffering constituents of herbage and of silage[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1966, 17: 264-265.
[16] 傅彤. 微生物接种剂对玉米青贮饲料发酵进程及其品质的影响[D].北京: 中国农业科学院硕士学位论文, 2005.
[17] Zhang J G, Kumai S. Effluent and aerobic stability of cellulase and LAB-treated silage of napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum)[J]. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2000, (8): 1035-1188.
[18] Muck R E, Pitt R E, Leibensperger R Y. A model of aerobic fungal growth in silage: 1. Microbial characteristics[J]. Grass and Forage Science, 1991, 46: 283-299.
[19] 万里强, 李向林, 张新平, 等. 苜蓿含水量与添加剂组分浓度对青贮效果的影响研究[J]. 草业学报, 2007, 16(2): 40-45.
[20] Zhang J G. Roles of biological additives in silage production and utilization[J]. Research Advance in Food Science, 2002, 3: 37-46.
[21] Park R S, Stronge M D. Silage production from tropical forages[A]. Proceedings of the XIVth International Silage Conference[C]. Belfast: Wageningen Academic, 2005.
[22] 张新平, 万里强, 李向林, 等. 添加乳酸菌和纤维素酶对苜蓿青贮品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2007, 16(3): 139-143.
[23] 张涛, 李蕾, 张燕忠, 等. 青贮菌剂在苜蓿裹包青贮中的应用效果[J]. 草业学报, 2007, 16(1): 100-104.
[24] Uchida S, Kitamura Y. Silage making from tropical pasture grown in south western islands of Japan[J]. Japan Grassland Science, 1987, 32: 369-374.
[25] Yokota H, Fujii Y, Ohshima M. Nutritional quality of napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum) silage supplemented with molasses and rice bran by goats[J]. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 1998, (11): 697-701.
[26] Zanine A M, Santos E M, Ferreira D J, et al. Evaluation of the silage of elephant grass with addition of wheat meal[J]. Archivos de zootecnia, 2006, 55: 75-84.
[27] Honig H, Woolford M K. Changes in silage on exposure to air[J]. Occasional Symposium of the British Grassland Society, 1980, 11: 76-87.
[28] Ohyama Y, Hara S, Masaki S. The use of caproic acid to prevent aerobic deterioration of silage after opening, with special reference of the amounts and time of application[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1977, 28: 369-374.