不同利用程度高寒干旱草地碳储量的变化特征分析

草业学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (4): 11-18.

不同利用程度高寒干旱草地碳储量的变化特征分析

张凡¹,祁彪²,温飞¹,张德罡²,吴红³,张力^4*

1.甘肃省环境科学研究院,甘肃兰州 730050;
2.甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州 730070;
3.江苏畜牧兽医职业技术学院,江苏泰州 225300;
4.中国农业科学院兰州畜牧兽药研究所,甘肃兰州 730030

收稿日期:2010-12-31 出版日期:2011-04-25 发布日期:2011-08-20
通讯作者: E-mail:zhangli2118@sohu.com
作者简介:张凡(1955-),男,河北定县人,高级工程师。E-mail:zf61516@sina.com
基金资助:
科技部社会公益研究专项资金项目 (2001DIB10061)资助。

Analysis of the change of carbon storage in alpine arid grassland

ZHANG Fan¹, QI Biao², WEN Fei¹, ZHANG De-gang², WU Hong³, ZHANG Li⁴

1.Gansu Research Institute of Environmental Science, Lanzhou 730050, China;
2.Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
3.Jiangsu Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Taizhou 225300, China;
4.Lanzhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Animal Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Lanzhou 730030, China

Received:2010-12-31 Online:2011-04-25 Published:2011-08-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究对处于青海湖北部不同退化梯度草地的土壤碳储量以及植被的根系生物碳储量变化进行了研究。调查草地样本包括7个样地和4个土层,样地依次分别为严重退化草场、重度退化草场、中度退化草场、轻度退化草场、正常草场、封育3年草场和人工草场,土层分别为0～10,10～20,20～30与30～40 cm 4个土层。结果表明,在不同退化梯度上,土壤碳储量随着退化程度的减轻依次增大,总体上各样地之间的变化趋势为,在5-7月为轻度退化草地＞无退化草地＞中度退化草地＞重度退化草地＞人工草地草地＞封育草地＞严重退化草地;在8-10月为无退化草地＞轻度退化草地＞中度退化草地＞重度退化草地＞封育草地＞人工草地＞严重退化草地,严重退化草地土壤碳储量最低,其次为封育草地;封育草地和人工草地的碳储量显著的低于轻度退化和无退化草地(P<0.05),但在封育草地和人工草地之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。在不同的土层,土壤碳储量从上至下依次降低,且各层之间表现出显著差异(P<0.05)。在不同的月份,各土层深度的土壤碳储量,总体上均表现为5-6月份降低,6-10月份呈递增的变化趋势,而且不同退化草地都表现出了较为一致的变化趋势。

Abstract: The different change of organic carbon contents of the 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40 cm soil layers were studied on based on seven different alpine meadow -use types, which were serious degraded (SD), heavy degraded (HD), moderate degraded (MD), light degraded (LD), non-degraded (ND), fenced-ungrazed (FUG) and artificial-pasture (AP), in the northeastern of Qinghai Lake Region. The storage of soil organic carbon per unit area varied in the order of LD>ND>MD>HD>AP>FUG>SD in the May to July, in the order of ND>LD>MD>HD>FUG>AP>SD in the August to October, the soil organic carbon in the fenced-ungrazed and artificial-pasture was significantly (P<0.05) lower than that in lightly degraded and non-degraded, no significant difference was found between in the fenced-ungrazed and artificial-pasturer (P>0.05). From 0-10 to 30-40 cm soil layers, the storage of soil organic carbon per unit area varied in the order of 0-10>10-20>20-30>30-40 cm and was significantly (P<0.05). In different months, the carbon storage decreased dramatically from May to June and increased from July to October.

中图分类号:

S812.29

张凡,祁彪,温飞,张德罡,吴红,张力. 不同利用程度高寒干旱草地碳储量的变化特征分析[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(4): 11-18.

ZHANG Fan, QI Biao, WEN Fei, ZHANG De-gang, WU Hong, ZHANG Li. Analysis of the change of carbon storage in alpine arid grassland[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(4): 11-18.

参考文献

[1] Scurlock O J M, Hall D O. The global carbon sink:A grassland perspective[J]. Global Change Biology, 1998, 4: 229-233.
[2] Scurlock J M. Estimating net primary productivity from grassland biomass dynamics measurements[J]. Global Change Biology, 2002, 8: 736-753.
[3] 孙鸿烈. 青藏高原的形成演化[M]. 上海: 上海科学技术出版社, 1996: 169-192.
[4] 王绍强, 周成虎. 中国陆地土壤有机碳库的估算[J]. 地理研究, 1999, 18(4): 349-356.
[5] 齐玉春, 董云社, 耿元波, 等. 我国草地生态系统碳循环研究进展[J]. 地理科学进展, 2003, 23(4): 342-352.
[6] Houghton R A, Skole D L, Nobre C A, et al. Annual fluxes or carbon from deforestation and regrowth in Brazelian Amazon[J]. Nature, 2000, 403: 301-304.
[7] Staben M L, Bezdicek D F, Smith J L, et al. Assessment of soil quality in conservation reserve program and wheat-fallow soils[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1997, 61: 124-130.
[8] Mensah F, Schoenau J J, Malhi S S. Soil carbon changes in cultivated and excavated land converted to grasses in east-central Saskatchewan[J]. Biogeochemistry, 2003, 63: 85-92.
[9] Andeoon D W, Coleman D C. The dynamics of organic matter in grassland soils[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 1985, 40: 211-216.
[10] Risse D G, Biney E E, Blocker H D, et al. The True Prairie Ecosystem[M]. Hutchinson Ross Publ.Comp, Stroudsburg Pennsylvania, 1981: 244-246.
[11] 李明峰,董云社,齐玉春,等. 温带草原土地利用变化对土壤碳氮含量的影响[J]. 中国草地, 2005, 27(1): 126.
[12] 孔玉华, 姚风军, 鹏爽, 等. 不同利用方式下草地土壤碳积累及汇／源功能转换特征研究[J]. 草业科学, 2010, 27(4): 40-45.
[13] 杨成德, 龙瑞军, 陈秀蓉, 等. 东祁连山不同高寒草地类型土壤表层碳、氮、磷密度特征[J]. 中国草地学报, 2008, 30(1): 1-5.
[14] 李英年, 沈振西. 近40年海北高寒草甸生态系统定位站气温变化特征[J]. 资源生态环境网络动态, 1999, 103: 28-31.
[15] 陈宝书. 草原学与牧草学实习实验指导书[M]. 兰州: 甘肃科学技术出版社, 1991.
[16] 李酉开. 土壤农业化学常规分析方法[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1983.
[17] 南京农业大学. 土壤农化分析[M]. 北京: 农业出版社, 1990.
[18] 中国科学院南京土壤研究所. 土壤理化分析[M]. 上海: 上海科学出版社, 1978.
[19] 安尼瓦尔·买买提, 杨元合, 郭兆迪, 等. 新疆天山中段巴音布鲁克高山草地碳含量及其垂直分布[J]. 植物生态学报, 2006, (4): 545-552.
[20] 钟华平, 樊江文, 于贵瑞, 等.草地生态系统碳蓄积的研究进展[J]. 草业科学, 2005, 22(1): 4-11.
[21] 仁青吉, 武高林, 任国华. 放牧强度对青藏高原东部高寒草甸植物群落特征的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(5): 256-261.
[22] 刘楠, 张英俊. 放牧对典型草原土壤有机碳及全氮的影响[J]. 草业科学, 2010, 27(4): 11-14.
[23] 安渊, 徐柱, 阎志坚, 等. 不同退化梯度草地植物和土壤的差异[J]. 中国草地, 1999, 4: 31-36.
[24] 王俊明, 张兴昌. 退耕草地演替过程中的碳储量变化[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(1): 1-8.
[25] Xiao H L. Climate change in relation to soil organic matter[J]. Soil and Environment Sciences, 1999, 8(4): 300-304.
[26] Hontoria C, Murillo J C, Saa A, et al. Relationship between soil organic carbon and site characteristics in Peninsular Spain[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1999, 63: 614-621.
[27] Trumbore S E, Chadwick O A, Amundson R. Rapid exchanges between soil carbon and atmospheric carbon dioxide driven by temperature[J]. Science, 1996, 272(19): 393-396.
[28] 李东, 黄耀, 吴琴, 等. 青藏高原高寒草甸生态系统土壤有机碳动态模拟研究[J]. 草业学报, 2010, 19(2): 160-168.