米氏冰草营养繁殖潜在种群与现实种群的关系

草业学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (6): 228-234.

米氏冰草营养繁殖潜在种群与现实种群的关系

金晓明¹,刘及东¹,卢欣石^2*,孙兆军³

1.呼伦贝尔学院生命科学学院,内蒙古呼伦贝尔 021008;
2.北京林业大学草地资源与生态实验室,北京 100083;
3.宁夏大学新技术应用研究开发中心,宁夏银川 750021

收稿日期:2011-11-14 出版日期:2012-06-25 发布日期:2012-12-20
通讯作者: E-mail:Luxinshi304@126.com
作者简介:金晓明(1969-),女,蒙古族,内蒙古呼伦贝尔人,博士,教授。E-mail:nmgjinxm@163.com
基金资助:
国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD17B01-05),内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2010MS0509),国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项(200804012)和环保公益性行业科研专项(200909021)资助。

Relationship between vegetative potential populations and actual populations of Agropyron michnoi

JIN Xiao-ming¹, LIU Ji-dong¹, LU Xin-shi², SUN Zhao-jun³

1.College of Life Sciences, Hulunbeier College, Hulunbeier 021008, China;
2.Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology, Forestry College of Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
3.Education Department of Hulunbeier, Hulunbeier 021008, China; Research and Development Center of Application of New Technologies, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China

Received:2011-11-14 Online:2012-06-25 Published:2012-12-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解米氏冰草种群在沙地的适应机制,本研究采取种群繁殖生态学的方法,对米氏冰草种群在沙地植被恢复的不同阶段,营养繁殖潜在种群与现实种群的关系进行了研究。结果表明,在米氏冰草营养繁殖潜在种群中,冬性苗的比率比冬性芽高3～4倍;营养繁殖现实种群中99% 以上是由前一年的冬性苗转化形成的。冬性苗中的分蘖节苗转化为现实种群的比率略高于根茎苗。不同生境之间,固定沙地的米氏冰草的冬性根茎苗和冬性分蘖节苗的转化效率分别比流动沙地高1.6～1.8倍。反映了随着沙地植被的恢复,米氏冰草营养繁殖潜在种群对现实种群的作用逐渐增强,从而揭示了无性系植物在沙地的繁殖扩散及调节适应机理,为种群繁殖生态学的研究提供理论依据。

Abstract: To understand the adaptive mechanisms in sandy land, the relationship between potential populations and actual populations of vegetative reproduction of Agropyron michnoi modules was studied in different growth areas on sandy land. For vegetative potential populations, the percentage of the juvenile seedlings was 3-4 times higher than that of the dormancy buds and 99% of the vegetative actual population was formed from juvenile seedlings of the previous year. The conversion ratio to juvenile seedlings was greater from the tillering nod seedlings than from the rhizome seedlings. The conversion ratio of winter rhizome seedlings and winter tillering nod seedlings on fixed sandy land was 1.6-1.8 times greater than that on shifting sandy land. These results suggest that as desertified grassland recovers, the effect of vegetative potential populations of A. michnoi on real populations gradually increases thus revealing the mechanisms of reproductive extention and adaptability, and enriching and extending the theories of population reproductive ecology.

中图分类号:

金晓明,刘及东,卢欣石,孙兆军. 米氏冰草营养繁殖潜在种群与现实种群的关系[J]. 草业学报, 2012, 21(6): 228-234.

JIN Xiao-ming, LIU Ji-dong, LU Xin-shi, SUN Zhao-jun. Relationship between vegetative potential populations and actual populations of Agropyron michnoi[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2012, 21(6): 228-234.

参考文献

[1] Abernethy V J, Willby N J. Changes a long a disturbance gradient in the density and composition of propagule banks in floodpla in aquatic habitats[J]. Plant Ecology, 1999, 140(2): 177-190.
[2] 杨允菲. 松嫩平原赖草无性系生长及其构件的年龄结构[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, 15 (11): 2109-2112.
[3] 李海燕, 李建东, 徐振国, 等. 内蒙古图牧吉自然保护区羊草种群营养繁殖特性的比较[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(5): 19-25.
[4] Lee P. The impact of burn intensity from wildfires on seed and vegetative banks, and emergent understory in aspendom inated boreal forests[J]. Canadian Journal of Botany, 2004, 82: 1468-1480.
[5] Liu W, Zhang Q, Liu G. Seed banks of a river-reservoir wetland system and their implications for vegetation development[J]. Aquatic Botany, 2009, 90(4): 7-12.
[6] 王桂芹, 高瑞如, 王玉良, 等. 异质生境空心莲子草的结构基础与生态适应性[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(4): 143-152.
[7] Benson E J. Effects of fire on tallgrass prairie plant population dynamics[A]. Thesis[M]. Manhattan USA: Kansas State University, 2001: 23-29.
[8] 金晓明. 米氏冰草繁殖生态学特征及种群竞争机制[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2011.
[9] Harper J L. Population Biology of Plants[M]. London: Academic Press, 1977: 15-23.
[10] Hartnett D C, Setshogo M P, Dalgleish H J. Bud banks of perennial savanna grasses in Botswana[J]. African Journal of Ecology, 2006, (44): 256-263.
[11] Knapp A K, Smith M D. Variation among biomes in temporal dynamics of aboveground primary production[J]. Science, 2001, 291: 481-484.
[12] Benson E J, Hartnet D C, Mann K H. Below ground bud banks and meristem limitation in tallgrass prairie plant populations[J]. American Journal of Botany, 2004, 91: 416-421.
[13] Benson E, Hartnett D. The role of seed and vegetative reproduction in plant recruitment and demography in tallgrass prairie[J]. Plant Ecology, 2006, 187: 163-178.
[14] Dalgleish H J, Hartnett D C. The effects of fire frequency and grazing on tallgrass prairie productivity and plant composition are mediated through bud bank demography[J]. Plant Ecology, 2009, 201: 411-420.
[15] Eckert C G, Dorken M E, Mitchell SA. Loss of sex in clonal populations of a flowering plant, Decodon verticillatus (Lythraceae)[J]. Evolution, 1999, 53: 1079-1092.
[16] 杨允菲. 松嫩平原几种根茎型禾草种群的营养繁殖特性及其持续更新分析[J]. 草业学报, 1996, 5(2): 43-48.
[17] Kline L, Klineová J. Root sprouting in Rumex acetosella under different nutrient levels[J]. Plant Ecology, 1999, 141: 33-39.
[18] Tolvanen A, Schroderus J, Henry G H R. Age- and stage-based bud demography of Salix arctica under contrasting muskox grazing pressure in the High Arctic[J]. Evolutionary Ecology, 2001, 15(6): 443-462.
[19] Klimeová J, Klim L. Bud banks and their role in vegetative regeneration: A literature review and proposal for simple classification and assessment[J]. Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics, 2007, 8: 115-129.
[20] Fenner M. Seed Ecology[M]. London: Chapman and Hall, 1985: 66-113.
[21] Baskin C C, Baskin J M. Seeds: Ecology, Biogeography, and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination[M]. San Diego, California, USA: Academic Press, 1998.
[22] Busso C A, Mueller R J, Richards J H. Effects of drought and defoliation on bud viability in two caespitose grasses[J]. Annals of Botany, 1989, 63: 477-485.
[23] Tuomi J, Nilsson P, Astrom M. Plant compensatory responses: bud dormancy as an adaptation to herbivory[J]. Ecology, 1994, 75: 1429-1436.
[24] Hendrickson J R, Briske D D. Axillary bud banks of two semiarid perennial grasses: occurrence, longevity, and contribution to population persistence[J]. Oecologia, 1997, 110: 584-591.
[25] Maillette L. Structural dynamics of silver birch 1. the fates of buds[J]. Journal of Applied Ecology, 1982, 19(7): 203-211.
[26] Maillette L. Structural dynamics of silver birch 2. a matrix model of the bud population[J]. Journal of Applied Ecology, 1982, 19(8): 219-231.
[27] Maillette L. Seasonalmodel of modular growth in plants[J]. Journal of Ecology, 1992, 80(2): 123-130.
[28] Maillette L. The value of meristem states, as estimated by a discrete time Markov chain[J]. Oikos, 1990, 59(5): 235-241.
[29] Lehtila K, Tuomi J, Sulkinoja M. Bud demography of mountain birch Betula pubescens spp. Tortuosa near tree line[J]. Ecology, 1994, 75(4): 945-951.
[30] 杨允菲, 郑慧莹, 李建东. 根茎禾草无性系种群年龄结构的研究方法[J]. 东北师范大学学报, 1998, 1(1): 49-53.
[31] Harper J L. The concept of population in modular organisms[A]. In: May R M. Theoretical Ecology, Principles and Applications. (2nd ed)[M]. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1981: 53-77.
[32] Watson M A, Casper B B. Morphogenetic constraints on patterns of carbon distribution in plants[J]. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 1984, 15(7): 233-258.
[33] Fox J F. Shoot demographic responses to manipulation of reproductive effort by bud removal in a willow[J]. Oikos, 1995, 72: 283-287.
[34] Preston K A. Architectural constraint on flower number in a photoperiodic annual[J]. Oikos, 1998, 81: 279-288.
[35] MacArthur R H, Levins R. The limiting similarity, convergence and divergence of coexisting species[J]. American Naturalist, 1967, 101(5): 337-385.