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草业学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (2): 235-242.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同缓控释氮肥对高羊茅草坪生长及氮素挥发的影响

谷佳林1,2,边秀举1,徐凯3,张东雷3,朱文3,刘宝存2,赵同科2,方瑞元2,曹兵2,邹国元2*   

  1. 1.河北农业大学农学院,河北 保定 071001;
    2.北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京 100097;
    3.北京市房山区农业科学研究所,北京 100115
  • 收稿日期:2012-07-24 出版日期:2013-02-25 发布日期:2013-04-20
  • 通讯作者: E-mail:gyzou@163.com
  • 作者简介:谷佳林(1979-),男,河北承德人,助理研究员,硕士。E-mail:gujialin2008@yahoo.com.cn
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业(农业)科研专项“主要农区农业面源污染监测预警与氮磷化肥投入阈值研究”(201003014),北京市科委北京市缓控释肥料工程技术研究中心2011年阶梯计划项目(Z111105055311092)和北京市农林科学院部市工程中心建设“低成本脲醛基有机无机复合基质研发”(20120406)资助。

Effects of different slow/controlled release nitrogen fertilizer on tall fescue turf growth and nitrogen volatilization

GU Jia-lin1,2, BIAN Xiu-ju1, XU Kai3, ZHANG Dong-lei3, ZHU Wen3, LIU Bao-cun2, ZHAO Tong-ke2, FANG Rui-yuan2, CAO Bing2, ZOU Guo-yuan2   

  1. 1.College of Agronomy, Agriculture University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China;
    2.Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China;
    3.Institute of agricultural science of Fangshan District, Beijing 100115, China
  • Received:2012-07-24 Online:2013-02-25 Published:2013-04-20

摘要: 通过田间试验,研究了氮释放期为30和60 d的树脂包膜尿素(PCU30、PCU60),硫包衣尿素(SCU),抑制剂型缓释尿素(UI)和普通尿素(U)对高羊茅草坪生长、氮素吸收及氮素挥发的影响。结果表明,在全年施氮量260 kg/hm2的情况下,PCU30、PCU60和SCU一年分春秋2次施用可以满足高羊茅草坪正常生长需要,其草屑累积量和氮素吸收量显著高于普通尿素一年4次施用处理;氮素气态损失方面,UI处理的氨挥发损失氮量高达44.42 kg/hm2,显著高于其他施氮处理,其N2O排放氮量为6.46 kg/hm2,显著低于其他施氮处理; PCU30、PCU60、SCU处理的氨挥发量和N2O排放氮量分别为17.67,13.59,18.54 kg/hm2和8.14,6.92 ,9.91 kg/hm2,显著低于U处理。综合考虑各种因素,建议高羊茅草坪一年分春秋2次施用树脂包膜尿素PCU60较为适宜,可有效提高肥料利用率、降低氮素挥发损失,环境效益明显。

Abstract: Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of two kinds of macromolecule polymer coated urea that the nitrogen release period were 30 and 60 days (PCU30,PCU60), sulfur coated urea(SCU), urea mixed with nitrification inhibitor (UI) and urea(U) on grass growth, nitrogen uptake, ammonia and N2O volatilization of fertilizer in tall fescue turf. Results showed that application of fertilizer such as PCU30,PCU60,SCU in spring and autumn at total rate of 260 kg/hm2 per year could meet nitrogen requirement of grass normal growth. Meanwhile, the clipping yields and nitrogen uptake of those treatments were all significantly higher than U treatment at same N rate in one year with four times application. In terms of gaseous nitrogen loss, ammonia volatilization from UI was 44.42 kg/hm2, which was significantly higher than other treatments. But N2O emission of this treatment was 6.46 kg/hm2, significantly lower than others. The ammonia volatilization of PCU30, PCU60 and SCU treatments were 17.67, 13.59 and 18.54 kg/hm2 and the N2O emissions were 8.14, 6.92 and 9.91 kg/hm2 respectively. But all of them were significantly lower than the U treatment. Considering integrated factors, PCU60 should be taken as a suitable fertilizer on tall turf grass with twice application in spring and autumn for a year, which could increase nitrogen use efficiency and reduce nitrogen volatilization, showing an outstanding ecological and environmental benefit.

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